2025-05-19 08:30:21 -07:00
58 changed files with 1513 additions and 4952 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md
@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
 ### Problem Description
-Describe the problem you are having and what you expect to happen
+Describe the problem you are having, what you expect to happen
-instead.
+instead, and how to reproduce the problem.
 ### Steps to Reproduce
 Give detailed step-by-step instructions on how to reproduce the problem.
 ### Configuration File
-Please include the smallest _full_ configuration file that reproduces
+Please include the smallest configuration file that reproduces the
-the problem you are experiencing:
+problem you are experiencing:
 ```haskell
 module Main (main) where
@ -25,6 +21,4 @@ main = xmonad def
  - [ ] I've read [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
-  - I tested my configuration
+  - [ ] I tested my configuration with [xmonad-testing](https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-testing)
    - [ ] With `xmonad` version XXX (commit XXX if using git)
    - [ ] With `xmonad-contrib` version XXX (commit XXX if using git)
--- a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ behind them.
  - [ ] I've confirmed these changes don't belong in xmonad-contrib instead
-  - [ ] I've considered how to best test these changes (property, unit,
+  - [ ] I tested my changes with [xmonad-testing](https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-testing)
        manually, ...) and concluded: XXX
  - [ ] I updated the `CHANGES.md` file
--- a/.github/dependabot.yml
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
 version: 2
 updates:
  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
    directory: "/"
    schedule:
      interval: "weekly"
--- a/.github/workflows/generatemanpage.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/generatemanpage.yml
@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
 name: Generate manpage
 on:
  push:
    branches:
      - master
 jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Clone project
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: |
          set -ex
          sudo apt install -y pandoc
      - name: Generate manpage
        run: |
          set -ex
          for d in /opt/ghc/*/bin; do PATH="$d:$PATH"; break; done
          make -B -C man
      - name: Commit/push if changed
        run: |
          set -ex
          git config user.name 'github-actions[bot]'
          git config user.email '41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com'
          git diff --quiet --exit-code && exit
          git commit -a -m 'man: Update'
          git push
--- a/.github/workflows/haskell-ci-hackage.patch
+++ b/.github/workflows/haskell-ci-hackage.patch
@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
 Piggy-back on the haskell-ci workflow for automatic releases to Hackage.
 This extends the workflow with two additional triggers:
 * When the Haskell-CI workflow is triggered manually with a non-empty version
   input (matching the version in the cabal file), a candidate release is
   uploaded to Hackage and docs are submitted for it as Hackage can't build
   them itself (https://github.com/haskell/hackage-server/issues/925).
   Note that promoting the candidate on Hackage discards the uploaded docs
   (https://github.com/haskell/hackage-server/issues/70). Don't do that.
 * When a release is created on GitHub, a final release is uploaded to Hackage
   and docs are submitted for it.
 The automation uses a special Hackage user: https://hackage.haskell.org/user/xmonad
 and each repo (X11, xmonad, xmonad-contrib) has its own HACKAGE_API_KEY token
 set in GitHub repository secrets.
 --- .github/workflows/haskell-ci.yml.orig
 +++ .github/workflows/haskell-ci.yml
@@ -14,8 +14,15 @@
 #
 name: Haskell-CI
 on:
 -  - push
 -  - pull_request
 +  push:
 +  pull_request:
 +  release:
 +    types:
 +      - published
 +  workflow_dispatch:
 +    inputs:
 +      version:
 +        description: candidate version (must match version in cabal file)
 jobs:
   linux:
     name: Haskell-CI - Linux - ${{ matrix.compiler }}
@@ -33,6 +40,7 @@
             compilerVersion: 9.8.4
             setup-method: ghcup
             allow-failure: false
 +            upload: true
           - compiler: ghc-9.6.7
             compilerKind: ghc
             compilerVersion: 9.6.7
@@ -257,6 +265,10 @@
       - name: haddock
         run: |
           $CABAL v2-haddock --disable-documentation $ARG_COMPILER --with-haddock $HADDOCK $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH all
 +      - name: haddock for hackage
 +        if: matrix.upload
 +        run: |
 +          $CABAL v2-haddock $ARG_COMPILER --with-haddock $HADDOCK $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH --haddock-for-hackage --builddir $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/haddock all
       - name: unconstrained build
         run: |
           rm -f cabal.project.local
@@ -267,3 +279,80 @@
         with:
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.compiler }}-${{ github.sha }}
           path: ~/.cabal/store
 +      # must be separate artifacts because GitHub Actions are still broken:
 +      # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/441
 +      # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/457
 +      - name: upload artifact (sdist)
 +        if: matrix.upload
 +        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
 +        with:
 +          name: sdist
 +          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/sdist/*.tar.gz
 +      - name: upload artifact (haddock)
 +        if: matrix.upload
 +        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
 +        with:
 +          name: haddock
 +          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/haddock/*-docs.tar.gz
 +      - name: hackage upload (candidate)
 +        if: matrix.upload && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.version != ''
 +        shell: bash
 +        run: |
 +          set -ex
 +          PACKAGE_VERSION="${PACKAGE_VERSION#v}"
 +          res=$(
 +            curl \
 +              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
 +              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
 +              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
 +              --form package=@"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sdist/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}.tar.gz" \
 +              https://hackage.haskell.org/packages/candidates/
 +          )
 +          [[ $res == 2?? ]]  # TODO: --fail-with-body once curl 7.76.0 is available
 +          res=$(
 +            curl \
 +              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
 +              -X PUT \
 +              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
 +              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
 +              --header "Content-Type: application/x-tar" \
 +              --header "Content-Encoding: gzip" \
 +              --data-binary @"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/haddock/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}-docs.tar.gz" \
 +              https://hackage.haskell.org/package/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}/candidate/docs
 +          )
 +          [[ $res == 2?? ]]
 +        env:
 +          HACKAGE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.HACKAGE_API_KEY }}
 +          PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ github.event.repository.name }}
 +          PACKAGE_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
 +      - name: hackage upload (release)
 +        if: matrix.upload && github.event_name == 'release'
 +        shell: bash
 +        run: |
 +          set -ex
 +          PACKAGE_VERSION="${PACKAGE_VERSION#v}"
 +          res=$(
 +            curl \
 +              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
 +              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
 +              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
 +              --form package=@"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sdist/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}.tar.gz" \
 +              https://hackage.haskell.org/packages/
 +          )
 +          [[ $res == 2?? ]]  # TODO: --fail-with-body once curl 7.76.0 is available
 +          res=$(
 +            curl \
 +              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
 +              -X PUT \
 +              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
 +              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
 +              --header "Content-Type: application/x-tar" \
 +              --header "Content-Encoding: gzip" \
 +              --data-binary @"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/haddock/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}-docs.tar.gz" \
 +              https://hackage.haskell.org/package/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}/docs
 +          )
 +          [[ $res == 2?? ]]
 +        env:
 +          HACKAGE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.HACKAGE_API_KEY }}
 +          PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ github.event.repository.name }}
 +          PACKAGE_VERSION: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
--- a/.github/workflows/haskell-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/haskell-ci.yml
@ -1,335 +0,0 @@
 # This GitHub workflow config has been generated by a script via
 #
 #   haskell-ci 'github' 'cabal.project'
 #
 # To regenerate the script (for example after adjusting tested-with) run
 #
 #   haskell-ci regenerate
 #
 # For more information, see https://github.com/haskell-CI/haskell-ci
 #
 # version: 0.19.20250506
 #
 # REGENDATA ("0.19.20250506",["github","cabal.project"])
 #
 name: Haskell-CI
 on:
  push:
  pull_request:
  release:
    types:
      - published
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      version:
        description: candidate version (must match version in cabal file)
 jobs:
  linux:
    name: Haskell-CI - Linux - ${{ matrix.compiler }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    timeout-minutes:
      60
    container:
      image: buildpack-deps:jammy
    continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.allow-failure }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
        include:
          - compiler: ghc-9.12.2
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.12.2
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-9.10.2
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.10.2
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-9.8.4
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.8.4
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
            upload: true
          - compiler: ghc-9.6.7
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.6.7
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-9.4.8
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.4.8
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-9.2.8
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.2.8
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-9.0.2
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 9.0.2
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-8.10.7
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 8.10.7
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-8.8.4
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 8.8.4
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
          - compiler: ghc-8.6.5
            compilerKind: ghc
            compilerVersion: 8.6.5
            setup-method: ghcup
            allow-failure: false
      fail-fast: false
    steps:
      - name: apt-get install
        run: |
          apt-get update
          apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg ca-certificates dirmngr curl git software-properties-common libtinfo5
          apt-get install -y libx11-dev libxext-dev libxinerama-dev libxrandr-dev libxss-dev
      - name: Install GHCup
        run: |
          mkdir -p "$HOME/.ghcup/bin"
          curl -sL https://downloads.haskell.org/ghcup/0.1.50.1/x86_64-linux-ghcup-0.1.50.1 > "$HOME/.ghcup/bin/ghcup"
          chmod a+x "$HOME/.ghcup/bin/ghcup"
      - name: Install cabal-install
        run: |
          "$HOME/.ghcup/bin/ghcup" install cabal 3.14.2.0 || (cat "$HOME"/.ghcup/logs/*.* && false)
          echo "CABAL=$HOME/.ghcup/bin/cabal-3.14.2.0 -vnormal+nowrap" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
      - name: Install GHC (GHCup)
        if: matrix.setup-method == 'ghcup'
        run: |
          "$HOME/.ghcup/bin/ghcup" install ghc "$HCVER" || (cat "$HOME"/.ghcup/logs/*.* && false)
          HC=$("$HOME/.ghcup/bin/ghcup" whereis ghc "$HCVER")
          HCPKG=$(echo "$HC" | sed 's#ghc$#ghc-pkg#')
          HADDOCK=$(echo "$HC" | sed 's#ghc$#haddock#')
          echo "HC=$HC" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "HCPKG=$HCPKG" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "HADDOCK=$HADDOCK" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
        env:
          HCKIND: ${{ matrix.compilerKind }}
          HCNAME: ${{ matrix.compiler }}
          HCVER: ${{ matrix.compilerVersion }}
      - name: Set PATH and environment variables
        run: |
          echo "$HOME/.cabal/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
          echo "LANG=C.UTF-8" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "CABAL_DIR=$HOME/.cabal" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "CABAL_CONFIG=$HOME/.cabal/config" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          HCNUMVER=$(${HC} --numeric-version|perl -ne '/^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)(\.(\d+))?$/; print(10000 * $1 + 100 * $2 + ($3 == 0 ? $5 != 1 : $3))')
          echo "HCNUMVER=$HCNUMVER" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "ARG_TESTS=--enable-tests" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "ARG_BENCH=--enable-benchmarks" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "HEADHACKAGE=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "ARG_COMPILER=--$HCKIND --with-compiler=$HC" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
        env:
          HCKIND: ${{ matrix.compilerKind }}
          HCNAME: ${{ matrix.compiler }}
          HCVER: ${{ matrix.compilerVersion }}
      - name: env
        run: |
          env
      - name: write cabal config
        run: |
          mkdir -p $CABAL_DIR
          cat >> $CABAL_CONFIG <<EOF
          remote-build-reporting: anonymous
          write-ghc-environment-files: never
          remote-repo-cache: $CABAL_DIR/packages
          logs-dir:          $CABAL_DIR/logs
          world-file:        $CABAL_DIR/world
          extra-prog-path:   $CABAL_DIR/bin
          symlink-bindir:    $CABAL_DIR/bin
          installdir:        $CABAL_DIR/bin
          build-summary:     $CABAL_DIR/logs/build.log
          store-dir:         $CABAL_DIR/store
          install-dirs user
            prefix: $CABAL_DIR
          repository hackage.haskell.org
            url: http://hackage.haskell.org/
          EOF
          cat >> $CABAL_CONFIG <<EOF
          program-default-options
            ghc-options: $GHCJOBS +RTS -M3G -RTS
          EOF
          cat $CABAL_CONFIG
      - name: versions
        run: |
          $HC --version || true
          $HC --print-project-git-commit-id || true
          $CABAL --version || true
      - name: update cabal index
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-update -v
      - name: install cabal-plan
        run: |
          mkdir -p $HOME/.cabal/bin
          curl -sL https://github.com/haskell-hvr/cabal-plan/releases/download/v0.7.3.0/cabal-plan-0.7.3.0-x86_64-linux.xz > cabal-plan.xz
          echo 'f62ccb2971567a5f638f2005ad3173dba14693a45154c1508645c52289714cb2  cabal-plan.xz' | sha256sum -c -
          xz -d < cabal-plan.xz > $HOME/.cabal/bin/cabal-plan
          rm -f cabal-plan.xz
          chmod a+x $HOME/.cabal/bin/cabal-plan
          cabal-plan --version
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          path: source
      - name: initial cabal.project for sdist
        run: |
          touch cabal.project
          echo "packages: $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/source/." >> cabal.project
          cat cabal.project
      - name: sdist
        run: |
          mkdir -p sdist
          $CABAL sdist all --output-dir $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/sdist
      - name: unpack
        run: |
          mkdir -p unpacked
          find sdist -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.tar.gz' -exec tar -C $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/unpacked -xzvf {} \;
      - name: generate cabal.project
        run: |
          PKGDIR_xmonad="$(find "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/unpacked" -maxdepth 1 -type d -regex '.*/xmonad-[0-9.]*')"
          echo "PKGDIR_xmonad=${PKGDIR_xmonad}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          rm -f cabal.project cabal.project.local
          touch cabal.project
          touch cabal.project.local
          echo "packages: ${PKGDIR_xmonad}" >> cabal.project
          echo "package xmonad" >> cabal.project
          echo "    ghc-options: -Werror=missing-methods" >> cabal.project
          cat >> cabal.project <<EOF
          optimization: False
          package xmonad
            flags: +pedantic
          EOF
          $HCPKG list --simple-output --names-only | perl -ne 'for (split /\s+/) { print "constraints: any.$_ installed\n" unless /^(xmonad)$/; }' >> cabal.project.local
          cat cabal.project
          cat cabal.project.local
      - name: dump install plan
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-build $ARG_COMPILER $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH --dry-run all
          cabal-plan
      - name: restore cache
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
          key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.compiler }}-${{ github.sha }}
          path: ~/.cabal/store
          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.compiler }}-
      - name: install dependencies
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-build $ARG_COMPILER --disable-tests --disable-benchmarks --dependencies-only -j2 all
          $CABAL v2-build $ARG_COMPILER $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH --dependencies-only -j2 all
      - name: build w/o tests
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-build $ARG_COMPILER --disable-tests --disable-benchmarks all
      - name: build
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-build $ARG_COMPILER $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH all --write-ghc-environment-files=always
      - name: tests
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-test $ARG_COMPILER $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH all --test-show-details=direct
      - name: cabal check
        run: |
          cd ${PKGDIR_xmonad} || false
          ${CABAL} -vnormal check
      - name: haddock
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-haddock --disable-documentation $ARG_COMPILER --with-haddock $HADDOCK $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH all
      - name: haddock for hackage
        if: matrix.upload
        run: |
          $CABAL v2-haddock $ARG_COMPILER --with-haddock $HADDOCK $ARG_TESTS $ARG_BENCH --haddock-for-hackage --builddir $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/haddock all
      - name: unconstrained build
        run: |
          rm -f cabal.project.local
          $CABAL v2-build $ARG_COMPILER --disable-tests --disable-benchmarks all
      - name: save cache
        if: always()
        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
        with:
          key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.compiler }}-${{ github.sha }}
          path: ~/.cabal/store
      # must be separate artifacts because GitHub Actions are still broken:
      # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/441
      # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/457
      - name: upload artifact (sdist)
        if: matrix.upload
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: sdist
          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/sdist/*.tar.gz
      - name: upload artifact (haddock)
        if: matrix.upload
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: haddock
          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/haddock/*-docs.tar.gz
      - name: hackage upload (candidate)
        if: matrix.upload && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.version != ''
        shell: bash
        run: |
          set -ex
          PACKAGE_VERSION="${PACKAGE_VERSION#v}"
          res=$(
            curl \
              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
              --form package=@"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sdist/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}.tar.gz" \
              https://hackage.haskell.org/packages/candidates/
          )
          [[ $res == 2?? ]]  # TODO: --fail-with-body once curl 7.76.0 is available
          res=$(
            curl \
              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
              -X PUT \
              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
              --header "Content-Type: application/x-tar" \
              --header "Content-Encoding: gzip" \
              --data-binary @"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/haddock/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}-docs.tar.gz" \
              https://hackage.haskell.org/package/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}/candidate/docs
          )
          [[ $res == 2?? ]]
        env:
          HACKAGE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.HACKAGE_API_KEY }}
          PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ github.event.repository.name }}
          PACKAGE_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
      - name: hackage upload (release)
        if: matrix.upload && github.event_name == 'release'
        shell: bash
        run: |
          set -ex
          PACKAGE_VERSION="${PACKAGE_VERSION#v}"
          res=$(
            curl \
              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
              --form package=@"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sdist/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}.tar.gz" \
              https://hackage.haskell.org/packages/
          )
          [[ $res == 2?? ]]  # TODO: --fail-with-body once curl 7.76.0 is available
          res=$(
            curl \
              --silent --show-error --output /dev/stderr --write-out '%{http_code}' \
              -X PUT \
              --header "Accept: text/plain" \
              --header "Authorization: X-ApiKey $HACKAGE_API_KEY" \
              --header "Content-Type: application/x-tar" \
              --header "Content-Encoding: gzip" \
              --data-binary @"${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/haddock/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}-docs.tar.gz" \
              https://hackage.haskell.org/package/${PACKAGE_NAME}-${PACKAGE_VERSION}/docs
          )
          [[ $res == 2?? ]]
        env:
          HACKAGE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.HACKAGE_API_KEY }}
          PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ github.event.repository.name }}
          PACKAGE_VERSION: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
--- a/.github/workflows/hlint.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/hlint.yaml
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
 name: hlint
 on:
  push:
  pull_request:
 jobs:
  hlint:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - name: 'Set up HLint'
      uses: haskell-actions/hlint-setup@v2
      with:
        version: '3.5'
    - name: 'Run HLint'
      uses: haskell-actions/hlint-run@v2
      with:
        path: '.'
        fail-on: status
--- a/.github/workflows/nix.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nix.yml
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
 name: Nix
 on:
  push:
  pull_request:
 jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    name: Nix Flake - Linux
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
      - name: Install Nix
        uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v31
        with:
          github_access_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Clone project
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build
        run: nix build --print-build-logs
--- a/.github/workflows/packdeps.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/packdeps.yml
@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
 name: Packdeps
 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
  schedule:
    # Run every Saturday
    - cron: '0 3 * * 6'
 jobs:
  packdeps:
    name: Packdeps
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Clone project
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Haskell
        uses: haskell-actions/setup@v2
        with:
          # packdeps doesn't build with newer as of 2021-10
          ghc-version: '8.8'
      - name: Install packdeps
        run: |
          set -ex
          cd  # go somewhere without a cabal.project
          cabal install packdeps
      - name: Check package bounds (all)
        continue-on-error: true
        run: |
          set -ex
          packdeps \
            --exclude X11 \
            *.cabal
      - name: Check package bounds (preferred)
        run: |
          set -ex
          packdeps \
            --preferred \
            --exclude X11 \
            *.cabal
  workflow-keepalive:
    if: github.event_name == 'schedule'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      actions: write
    steps:
      - uses: liskin/gh-workflow-keepalive@v1
--- a/.github/workflows/stack.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/stack.yml
@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
 name: Stack
 on:
  push:
  pull_request:
 jobs:
  build:
    name: Stack CI - Linux - ${{ matrix.resolver }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        include:
          - resolver: lts-14  # GHC 8.6
          - resolver: lts-16  # GHC 8.8
          - resolver: lts-18  # GHC 8.10
          - resolver: lts-19  # GHC 9.0
          - resolver: lts-20  # GHC 9.2
          - resolver: lts-21  # GHC 9.4
          - resolver: lts-22  # GHC 9.6
          - resolver: lts-23  # GHC 9.8
    steps:
      - name: Clone project
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Install C dependencies
        run: |
          set -ex
          sudo apt update -y
          sudo apt install -y \
            libx11-dev \
            libxext-dev \
            libxinerama-dev \
            libxrandr-dev \
            libxss-dev \
            #
      - name: Refresh caches once a month
        id: cache-date
        # GHA writes caches on the first miss and then never updates them again;
        # force updating the cache at least once a month. Additionally, the
        # date is prefixed with an epoch number to let us manually refresh the
        # cache when needed. This is a workaround for https://github.com/actions/cache/issues/2
        run: |
          date +date=1-%Y-%m >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
      - name: Cache Haskell package metadata
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: ~/.stack/pantry
          key: stack-pantry-${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.cache-date.outputs.date }}
      - name: Cache Haskell dependencies
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: |
            ~/.stack/*
            !~/.stack/pantry
            !~/.stack/programs
          key: stack-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.resolver }}-${{ steps.cache-date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('stack.yaml') }}-${{ hashFiles('*.cabal') }}
          restore-keys: |
            stack-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.resolver }}-${{ steps.cache-date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('stack.yaml') }}-
            stack-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.resolver }}-${{ steps.cache-date.outputs.date }}-
      - name: Update hackage index
        # always update index to prevent the shared ~/.stack/pantry cache from being empty
        run: |
          set -ex
          stack update
      - name: Build and test
        run: |
          set -ex
          stack test \
            --fast --no-terminal \
            --resolver=${{ matrix.resolver }} --system-ghc \
            --flag=xmonad:pedantic
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -27,6 +27,3 @@ tags
 /cabal.sandbox.config
 /dist-newstyle/
 /dist/
 # nix artifacts
 result
--- a/.hlint.yaml
+++ b/.hlint.yaml
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
 # Ignore these warnings.
 - ignore: {name: "Use camelCase"}
--- a/.mailmap
+++ b/.mailmap
@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
 Adam Plaice <plaice.adam+github@gmail.com>
 Brandon S Allbery KF8NH <allbery.b@gmail.com>
 Brent Yorgey <byorgey@gmail.com> <byorgey@cis.upenn.edu>
 Conrad Irwin <conrad.irwin@gmail.com>
 Daniel Neri <daniel.neri@sigicom.com> <daniel.neri@sigicom.se>
 Daniel Schoepe <daniel.schoepe@gmail.com> <asgaroth_@gmx.de>
 Daniel Wagner <me@dmwit.com> <daniel@wagner-home.com>
 David Glasser <glasser@mit.edu>
 Deven Lahoti <deven.lahoti@gmail.com>
 Devin Mullins <devin.mullins@gmail.com> <me@twifkak.com>
 Don Stewart <dons00@gmail.com> <dons@cse.unsw.edu.au>
 Don Stewart <dons00@gmail.com> <dons@galois.com>
 Felix Springer <felixspringer149@gmail.com> <39434424+jumper149@users.noreply.github.com>
 Gwern Branwen <gwern@gwern.net> <gwern0@gmail.com>
 Lukas Mai <l.mai@web.de>
 Marshall Lochbaum <mwlochbaum@gmail.com>
 Michael G. Sloan <mgsloan@gmail.com>
 Neil Mitchell <ndmitchell@gmail.com> <http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/~ndm/>
 Neil Mitchell <ndmitchell@gmail.com> Neil Mitchell <unknown>
 Nick Burlett <nickburlett@mac.com>
 Nicolas Pouillard <nicolas.pouillard@gmail.com>
 Nik Nyby <nnyby@columbia.edu>
 Peter J. Jones <pjones@devalot.com>
 Peter J. Jones <pjones@devalot.com> <pjones@pmade.com>
 Robert Marlow <bobstopper@bobturf.org>
 Robert Marlow <bobstopper@bobturf.org> <robreim@bobturf.org>
 Sam Hughes <hughes@rpi.edu>
 Shae Erisson <shae@ScannedInAvian.com>
 Sibi Prabakaran <sibi@psibi.in>
 Sibi Prabakaran <sibi@psibi.in> <psibi2000@gmail.com>
 Spencer Janssen <spencerjanssen@gmail.com> <sjanssen@cse.unl.edu>
 Timothy Hobbs <tim.thelion@gmail.com>
 Tomas Janousek <tomi@nomi.cz>
 Valery V. Vorotyntsev <valery.vv@gmail.com>
 Vanessa McHale <vamchale@gmail.com> <vanessa.mchale@reconfigure.io>
 Wirt Wolff <wirtwolff@gmail.com>
 Tony Zorman <soliditsallgood@mailbox.org> <50166980+slotThe@users.noreply.github.com>
 Tony Zorman <soliditsallgood@mailbox.org>
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
 # This Travis job script has been generated by a script via
 #
 #   runghc make_travis_yml_2.hs '-o' '.travis.yml' 'xmonad.cabal' 'libxrandr-dev'
 #
 # For more information, see https://github.com/haskell-CI/haskell-ci
 #
 language: c
 sudo: false
 git:
  submodules: false  # whether to recursively clone submodules
 cache:
  directories:
    - $HOME/.cabal/packages
    - $HOME/.cabal/store
 before_cache:
  - rm -fv $HOME/.cabal/packages/hackage.haskell.org/build-reports.log
  # remove files that are regenerated by 'cabal update'
  - rm -fv $HOME/.cabal/packages/hackage.haskell.org/00-index.*
  - rm -fv $HOME/.cabal/packages/hackage.haskell.org/*.json
  - rm -fv $HOME/.cabal/packages/hackage.haskell.org/01-index.cache
  - rm -fv $HOME/.cabal/packages/hackage.haskell.org/01-index.tar
  - rm -fv $HOME/.cabal/packages/hackage.haskell.org/01-index.tar.idx
  - rm -rfv $HOME/.cabal/packages/head.hackage
 matrix:
  include:
    - compiler: "ghc-8.6.1"
      env: GHCHEAD=true
      addons: {apt: {packages: [ghc-ppa-tools,cabal-install-head,ghc-8.6.1,libxrandr-dev], sources: [hvr-ghc]}}
    - compiler: "ghc-8.4.3"
    # env: TEST=--disable-tests BENCH=--disable-benchmarks
      addons: {apt: {packages: [ghc-ppa-tools,cabal-install-2.2,ghc-8.4.3,libxrandr-dev], sources: [hvr-ghc]}}
    - compiler: "ghc-8.2.2"
    # env: TEST=--disable-tests BENCH=--disable-benchmarks
      addons: {apt: {packages: [ghc-ppa-tools,cabal-install-2.2,ghc-8.2.2,libxrandr-dev], sources: [hvr-ghc]}}
    - compiler: "ghc-8.0.2"
    # env: TEST=--disable-tests BENCH=--disable-benchmarks
      addons: {apt: {packages: [ghc-ppa-tools,cabal-install-2.2,ghc-8.0.2,libxrandr-dev], sources: [hvr-ghc]}}
  allow_failures:
    - compiler: "ghc-8.6.1"
 before_install:
  - HC=${CC}
  - HCPKG=${HC/ghc/ghc-pkg}
  - unset CC
  - ROOTDIR=$(pwd)
  - mkdir -p $HOME/.local/bin
  - "PATH=/opt/ghc/bin:/opt/ghc-ppa-tools/bin:$HOME/local/bin:$PATH"
  - HCNUMVER=$(( $(${HC} --numeric-version|sed -E 's/([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+).*/\1 * 10000 + \2 * 100 + \3/') ))
  - echo $HCNUMVER
 install:
  - cabal --version
  - echo "$(${HC} --version) [$(${HC} --print-project-git-commit-id 2> /dev/null || echo '?')]"
  - BENCH=${BENCH---enable-benchmarks}
  - TEST=${TEST---enable-tests}
  - HADDOCK=${HADDOCK-true}
  - UNCONSTRAINED=${UNCONSTRAINED-true}
  - NOINSTALLEDCONSTRAINTS=${NOINSTALLEDCONSTRAINTS-false}
  - GHCHEAD=${GHCHEAD-false}
  - travis_retry cabal update -v
  - "sed -i.bak 's/^jobs:/-- jobs:/' ${HOME}/.cabal/config"
  - rm -fv cabal.project cabal.project.local
  # Overlay Hackage Package Index for GHC HEAD: https://github.com/hvr/head.hackage
  - |
    if $GHCHEAD; then
      sed -i 's/-- allow-newer: .*/allow-newer: *:base/' ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      for pkg in $($HCPKG list --simple-output); do pkg=$(echo $pkg | sed 's/-[^-]*$//'); sed -i "s/allow-newer: /allow-newer: *:$pkg, /" ${HOME}/.cabal/config; done
      echo 'repository head.hackage'                                                        >> ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      echo '   url: http://head.hackage.haskell.org/'                                       >> ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      echo '   secure: True'                                                                >> ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      echo '   root-keys: 07c59cb65787dedfaef5bd5f987ceb5f7e5ebf88b904bbd4c5cbdeb2ff71b740' >> ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      echo '              2e8555dde16ebd8df076f1a8ef13b8f14c66bad8eafefd7d9e37d0ed711821fb' >> ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      echo '              8f79fd2389ab2967354407ec852cbe73f2e8635793ac446d09461ffb99527f6e' >> ${HOME}/.cabal/config
      echo '   key-threshold: 3'                                                            >> ${HOME}/.cabal.config
      grep -Ev -- '^\s*--' ${HOME}/.cabal/config | grep -Ev '^\s*$'
      cabal new-update head.hackage -v
    fi
  - grep -Ev -- '^\s*--' ${HOME}/.cabal/config | grep -Ev '^\s*$'
  - "printf 'packages: \".\"\\n' > cabal.project"
  - "if [ $HCNUMVER -lt 80600 ]; then printf 'package xmonad\\n  flags: +generatemanpage\n' >> cabal.project; fi"
  - touch cabal.project.local
  - "if ! $NOINSTALLEDCONSTRAINTS; then for pkg in $($HCPKG list --simple-output); do echo $pkg  | grep -vw -- xmonad | sed 's/^/constraints: /' | sed 's/-[^-]*$/ installed/' >> cabal.project.local; done; fi"
  - cat cabal.project || true
  - cat cabal.project.local || true
  - if [ -f "./configure.ac" ]; then
      (cd "." && autoreconf -i);
    fi
  - rm -f cabal.project.freeze
  - cabal new-build -w ${HC} ${TEST} ${BENCH} --project-file="cabal.project" --dep -j2 all
  - cabal new-build -w ${HC} --disable-tests --disable-benchmarks --project-file="cabal.project" --dep -j2 all
  - rm -rf .ghc.environment.* "."/dist
  - DISTDIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/dist-test.XXXX)
 # Here starts the actual work to be performed for the package under test;
 # any command which exits with a non-zero exit code causes the build to fail.
 script:
  # test that source-distributions can be generated
  - (cd "." && cabal sdist)
  - mv "."/dist/xmonad-*.tar.gz ${DISTDIR}/
  - cd ${DISTDIR} || false
  - find . -maxdepth 1 -name '*.tar.gz' -exec tar -xvf '{}' \;
  - "printf 'packages: xmonad-*/*.cabal\\n' > cabal.project"
  - "if [ $HCNUMVER -lt 80600 ]; then printf 'package xmonad\\n  flags: +generatemanpage\n' >> cabal.project; fi"
  - touch cabal.project.local
  - "if ! $NOINSTALLEDCONSTRAINTS; then for pkg in $($HCPKG list --simple-output); do echo $pkg  | grep -vw -- xmonad | sed 's/^/constraints: /' | sed 's/-[^-]*$/ installed/' >> cabal.project.local; done; fi"
  - cat cabal.project || true
  - cat cabal.project.local || true
  # this builds all libraries and executables (without tests/benchmarks)
  - cabal new-build -w ${HC} --disable-tests --disable-benchmarks all
  # build & run tests, build benchmarks
  - cabal new-build -w ${HC} ${TEST} ${BENCH} all
  - if [ "x$TEST" = "x--enable-tests" ]; then cabal new-test -w ${HC} ${TEST} ${BENCH} all; fi
  # cabal check
  - (cd xmonad-* && cabal check)
  # haddock
  - rm -rf ./dist-newstyle
  - if $HADDOCK; then cabal new-haddock -w ${HC} ${TEST} ${BENCH} all; else echo "Skipping haddock generation";fi
  # Build without installed constraints for packages in global-db
  - if $UNCONSTRAINED; then rm -f cabal.project.local; echo cabal new-build -w ${HC} --disable-tests --disable-benchmarks all; else echo "Not building without installed constraints"; fi
 # REGENDATA ["-o",".travis.yml","xmonad.cabal","libxrandr-dev"]
 # EOF
--- a/CHANGES.md
+++ b/CHANGES.md
@ -1,177 +1,6 @@
 # Change Log / Release Notes
-## _unreleased_
+## unknown (unknown)
 ### Breaking Changes
 * Use `cabal` for `--recompile` if there is a `.cabal` file in the config
   directory and none of `build`, `stack.yaml`, `flake.nix`, nor `default.nix`
   exist.
 ### Enhancements
 ### Bug Fixes
 ### Other
 PR #404 (see last change in 0.17.1) has been reverted, because the affected
 compilers are (hopefully) no longer being used.
 All 9.0 releases of GHC, plus 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 have the join point bug.
 Note that 9.0.x is known to also have GC issues and is officially deprecated,
 and the only 9.2 release that should be used is 9.2.8. Additionally, GHC HQ
 doesn't support releases before 9.6.6.
 ## 0.18.0 (February 3, 2024)
 ### Breaking Changes
 * Dropped support for GHC 8.4.
 ### Enhancements
 * Exported `sendRestart` and `sendReplace` from `XMonad.Operations`.
 * Exported `buildLaunch` from `XMonad.Main`.
 * `Tall` does not draw windows with zero area.
 * `XMonad.Operations.floatLocation` now applies size hints. This means windows
  will snap to these hints as soon as they're floated (mouse move, keybinding).
  Previously that only happened on mouse resize.
 * Recompilation now detects `flake.nix` and `default.nix` (can be a
  symlink) and switches to using `nix build` as appropriate.
 * Added `unGrab` to `XMonad.Operations`; this releases XMonad's passive
  keyboard grab, so other applications (like `scrot`) can do their
  thing.
 ### Bug Fixes
 * Duplicated floats (e.g. from X.A.CopyToAll) no longer escape to inactive
  screens.
 ## 0.17.2 (April 2, 2023)
 ### Bug Fixes
  * Fixed the build with GHC 9.6.
 ## 0.17.1 (September 3, 2022)
 ### Enhancements
  * Added custom cursor shapes for resizing and moving windows.
  * Exported `cacheNumlockMask` and `mkGrabs` from `XMonad.Operations`.
  * Added `willFloat` function to `XMonad.ManageHooks` to detect whether the
    (about to be) managed window will be a floating window or not.
 ### Bug Fixes
  * Fixed border color of windows with alpha channel. Now all windows have the
    same opaque border color.
  * Change the main loop to try to avoid [GHC bug 21708] on systems
    running GHC 9.2 up to version 9.2.3. The issue has been fixed in
    [GHC 9.2.4] and all later releases.
 [GHC bug 21708]: https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/-/issues/21708
 [GHC 9.2.4]: https://discourse.haskell.org/t/ghc-9-2-4-released/4851
 ## 0.17.0 (October 27, 2021)
 ### Enhancements
  * Migrated `X.L.LayoutCombinators.(|||)` into `XMonad.Layout`, providing the
    ability to directly jump to a layout with the `JumpToLayout` message.
  * Recompilation now detects `stack.yaml` (can be a symlink) alongside
    `xmonad.hs` and switches to using `stack ghc`. We also updated INSTALL.md
    with instructions for cabal-install that lead to correct recompilation.
    Deprecation warnings during recompilation are no longer suppressed to make
    it easier for us to clean up the codebase. These can still be suppressed
    manually using an `OPTIONS_GHC` pragma with `-Wno-deprecations`.
  * Improve handling of XDG directories.
      1. If all three of xmonad's environment variables (`XMONAD_DATA_DIR,`
         `XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR`, and `XMONAD_CACHE_DIR`) are set, use them.
      2. If there is a build script called `build` (see [these build scripts]
         for usage examples) or configuration `xmonad.hs` in `~/.xmonad`, set
         all three directories to `~/.xmonad`.
      3. Otherwise, use the `xmonad` directory in `XDG_DATA_HOME`,
         `XDG_CONFIG_HOME`, and `XDG_CACHE_HOME` (or their respective
         fallbacks). These directories are created if necessary.
    In the cases of 1. and 3., the build script or executable is expected to be
    in the config dir.
    Additionally, the xmonad config binary and intermediate object files were
    moved to the cache directory (only relevant if using XDG or
    `XMONAD_CACHE_DIR`).
  * Added `Foldable`, `Functor`, and `Traversable` instances for `Stack`.
  * Added `Typeable layout` constraint to `LayoutClass`, making it possible to
    cast `Layout` back into a concrete type and extract current layout state
    from it.
  * Export constructor for `Choose` and `CLR` from `Module.Layout` to allow
    pattern-matching on the left and right sub-layouts of `Choose l r a`.
  * Added `withUnfocused` function to `XMonad.Operations`, allowing for `X`
    operations to be applied to unfocused windows.
 [these build scripts]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-testing/tree/master/build-scripts
 ### Bug Fixes
  * Fixed a bug when using multiple screens with different dimensions, causing
    some floating windows to be smaller/larger than the size they requested.
  * Compatibility with GHC 9.0
  * Fixed dunst notifications being obscured when moving floats.
    https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues/208
 ### Breaking Changes
  * Made `(<&&>)` and `(<||>)` non-strict in their right operand; i.e., these
    operators now implement short-circuit evaluation so the right operand is
    evaluated only if the left operand does not suffice to determine the
    result.
  * Change `ScreenDetail` to a newtype and make `RationalRect` strict in its
    contents.
  * Added the `extensibleConf` field to `XConfig` which makes it easier for
    contrib modules to have composable configuration (custom hooks, …).
  * `util/GenerateManpage.hs` is no longer distributed in the tarball.
    Instead, the manpage source is regenerated and manpage rebuilt
    automatically in CI.
  * `DestroyWindowEvent` is now broadcasted to layouts to let them know
    window-specific resources can be discarded.
 ## 0.15 (September 30, 2018)
  * Reimplement `sendMessage` to deal properly with windowset changes made
    during handling.
  * Add new library functions `windowBracket` and `modifyWindowSet` to
    `XMonad.Operations`.
 ## 0.14.2 (August 21, 2018)
 ### Bug Fixes
  * Add the sample configuration file xmonad.hs again to the release tarball.
    [https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues/181]
 ## 0.14.1 (August 20, 2018)
--- a/82
+++ b/82
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
 == Configuring xmonad ==
 xmonad is configured by creating and editing the file:
    ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs
 xmonad then uses settings from this file as arguments to the window manager,
 on startup. For a complete example of possible settings, see the file:
    man/xmonad.hs
 Further examples are on the website, wiki and extension documentation.
    http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Xmonad
 == A simple example ==
 Here is a basic example, which overrides the default border width,
 default terminal, and some colours. This text goes in the file
 $HOME/.xmonad/xmonad.hs :
    import XMonad
    main = xmonad $ def
        { borderWidth        = 2
        , terminal           = "urxvt"
        , normalBorderColor  = "#cccccc"
        , focusedBorderColor = "#cd8b00" }
 You can find the defaults in the file:
    XMonad/Config.hs
 == Checking your xmonad.hs is correct ==
 Place this text in ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs, and then check that it is
 syntactically and type correct by loading it in the Haskell
 interpreter:
    $ ghci ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs
    GHCi, version 6.8.1: http://www.haskell.org/ghc/  :? for help
    Loading package base ... linking ... done.
    Ok, modules loaded: Main.
    Prelude Main> :t main
    main :: IO ()
 Ok, looks good.
 == Loading your configuration ==
 To have xmonad start using your settings, type 'mod-q'.  xmonad will
 then load this new file, and run it.  If it is unable to, the defaults
 are used.
 To load successfully, both 'xmonad' and 'ghc' must be in your $PATH
 environment variable.  If GHC isn't in your path, for some reason, you
 can compile the xmonad.hs file yourself:
    $ cd ~/.xmonad
    $ ghc --make xmonad.hs
    $ ls
    xmonad    xmonad.hi xmonad.hs xmonad.o
 When you hit mod-q, this newly compiled xmonad will be used.
 == Where are the defaults? ==
 The default configuration values are defined in the source file:
    XMonad/Config.hs
 the XConfig data structure itself is defined in:
    XMonad/Core.hs
 == Extensions ==
 Since the xmonad.hs file is just another Haskell module, you may import
 and use any Haskell code or libraries you wish. For example, you can use
 things from the xmonad-contrib library, or other code you write
 yourself.
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@ -34,15 +34,9 @@ Awesome!  Here are a few things to keep in mind:
    nontrivial changes to xmonad.  There are a couple of ways you can
    chat with us:
    - Join the [`#xmonad` IRC channel] on `irc.libera.chat` or the
      official [matrix channel], which is linked to IRC.  This is the
      preferred (and fastest!) way to get into contact with us.
    - Post a message to the [mailing list][ml].
-  * [XMonad.Doc.Developing][xmonad-doc-developing] is a great
+    - Join the `#xmonad` IRC channel on `chat.freenode.org`.
    resource to get an overview of xmonad.  Make sure to also check
    it if you want more details on the coding style.
  * Continue reading this document!
@ -61,71 +55,87 @@ Here are some tips for getting your changes merged into xmonad:
  * Your changes should include relevant entries in the `CHANGES.md`
    file.  Help us communicate changes to the community.
-  * Make sure you test your changes against the most recent commit of
+  * Make sure you test your changes using the [xmonad-testing][]
-    [xmonad][] (and [xmonad-contrib][], if you're contributing there).
+    repository.  Include a new configuration file that shows off your
-    If you're adding a new module or functionality, make sure to add an
+    changes if possible by creating a PR on that repository as well.
    example in the documentation and in the PR description.
-  * Make sure you run the automated tests.  Both [xmonad-contrib][]
+  * Make sure you read the section on rebasing and squashing commits
-    and [xmonad][] have test-suites that you could run with
+    below.
    `stack test` for example.
-  * When committing, try to follow existing practices.  For more
+## Rebasing and Squashing Commits
    information on what good commit messages look like, see [How to
    Write a Git Commit Message][commit-cbeams] and the [Kernel
    documentation][commit-kernel] about committing logical changes
    separately.
-## Style Guidelines
+Under no circumstances should you ever merge the master branch into
 your feature branch.  This makes it nearly impossible to review your
 changes and we *will not accept your PR* if you do this.
-Below are some common style guidelines that all of the core modules
+Instead of merging you should rebase your changes on top of the master
-follow.  Before submitting a pull request, make sure that your code does
+branch.  If a core team member asks you to "rebase your changes" this
-as well!
+is what they are talking about.
-  * Comment every top level function (particularly exported functions),
+It's also helpful to squash all of your commits so that your pull
-    and provide a type signature; use Haddock syntax in the comments.
+request only contains a single commit.  Again, this makes it easier to
 review your changes and identify the changes later on in the Git
 history.
-  * Follow the coding style of the module that you are making changes to
+### How to Rebase Your Changes
    (`n` spaces for indentation, where to break long type signatures, …).
-  * New code should not introduce any new warnings.  If you want to
+The goal of rebasing is to bring recent changes from the master branch
-    check this yourself before submitting a pull request, there is the
+into your feature branch.  This often helps resolve conflicts where
-    `pedantic` flag, which is enforced in our CI.  You can enable it by
+you have changed a file that also changed in a recently merged pull
-    building your changes with `stack build --flag xmonad:pedantic` or
+request (i.e. the `CHANGES.md` file).  Here is how you do that.
    `cabal build --flag pedantic`.
-  * Likewise, your code should be free of [hlint] warnings; this is also
+  1. Make sure that you have a `git remote` configured for the main
-    enforced in our GitHub CI.
+     repository.  I like to call this remote `upstream`:
-  * Partial functions are to be avoided: the window manager should not
+        $ git remote add upstream https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib.git
    crash, so do not call `error` or `undefined`.
-  * Any pure function added to the core should have QuickCheck
+  2. Pull from upstream and rewrite your changes on top of master.  For
-    properties precisely defining its behavior.
+     this to work you should not have any modified files in your
     working directory.  Run these commands from within your feature
     branch (the branch you are asking to be merged):
-  * New modules should identify the author, and be submitted under the
+        $ git fetch --all
-    same license as xmonad (BSD3 license).
+        $ git pull --rebase upstream master
-## Keep rocking!
+  3. If the rebase was successful you can now push your feature branch
     back to GitHub.  You need to force the push since your commits
     have been rewritten and have new IDs:
-xmonad is a passion project created and maintained by the community.
+        $ git push --force-with-lease
-We'd love for you to maintain your own contributed modules (approve
+
-changes from other contributors, review code, etc.).  However, before
+  4. Your pull request should now be conflict-free and only contain the
-we'd be comfortable adding you to the [xmonad GitHub
+     changes that you actually made.
-organization][xmonad-gh-org] we need to trust that you have sufficient
+
-knowledge of Haskell and git; and have a way of chatting with you ([IRC,
+### How to Squash Commits
-Matrix, etc.][community]).
+
 The goal of squashing commits is to produce a clean Git history where
 each pull request contains just one commit.
  1. Use `git log` to see how many commits you are including in your
     pull request.  (If you've already submitted your pull request you
     can see this in the GitHub interface.)
  2. Rebase all of those commits into a single commit.  Assuming you
     want to squash the last four (4) commits into a single commit:
        $ git rebase -i HEAD~4
  3. Git will open your editor and display the commits you are
     rebasing with the word "pick" in front of them.
  4. Leave the first listed commit as "pick" and change the remaining
     commits from "pick" to "squash".
  5. Save the file and exit your editor.  Git will create a new commit
     and open your editor so you can modify the commit message.
  6. If everything was successful you can push your changed history
     back up to GitHub:
        $ git push --force-with-lease
 [hlint]: https://github.com/ndmitchell/hlint
 [xmonad]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad
 [xmonad-contrib]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib
 [xmonad-testing]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-testing
 [x11]: https://github.com/xmonad/X11
 [ml]: https://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/xmonad
 [xmonad-doc-developing]: https://xmonad.github.io/xmonad-docs/xmonad-contrib/XMonad-Doc-Developing.html
 [`#xmonad` IRC channel]: https://web.libera.chat/#xmonad
 [matrix channel]: https://matrix.to/#/#xmonad:matrix.org
 [commit-cbeams]: https://cbea.ms/git-commit/
 [commit-kernel]: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.10/process/submitting-patches.html#separate-your-changes
 [community]: https://xmonad.org/community.html
 [xmonad-gh-org]: https://github.com/xmonad
--- a/INSTALL.md
+++ b/INSTALL.md
@ -1,402 +0,0 @@
 # Install XMonad
 On many systems xmonad is available as a binary package in your
 distribution (Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Gentoo, …).
 It's by far the easiest way to get xmonad, although you'll miss out on the
 latest features and fixes that may not have been released yet.
 If you do want the latest and greatest, continue reading.
 Those who install from distro can skip this and go straight to
 [the XMonad Configuration Tutorial](TUTORIAL.md).
 <!-- https://github.com/frnmst/md-toc -->
 <!-- regenerate via: md_toc -s1 -p github INSTALL.md -->
 <!--TOC-->
 - [Dependencies](#dependencies)
 - [Preparation](#preparation)
 - [Download XMonad sources](#download-xmonad-sources)
 - [Build XMonad](#build-xmonad)
  - [Build using Stack](#build-using-stack)
  - [Build using cabal-install](#build-using-cabal-install)
 - [Make XMonad your window manager](#make-xmonad-your-window-manager)
 - [Custom Build Script](#custom-build-script)
 <!--TOC-->
 ## Dependencies
 #### Debian, Ubuntu
 ``` console
 $ sudo apt install \
 > git \
 > libx11-dev libxft-dev libxinerama-dev libxrandr-dev libxss-dev
 ```
 #### Fedora
 ``` console
 $ sudo dnf install \
 > git \
 > libX11-devel libXft-devel libXinerama-devel libXrandr-devel libXScrnSaver-devel
 ```
 #### Arch
 ``` console
 $ sudo pacman -S \
 > git \
 > xorg-server xorg-apps xorg-xinit xorg-xmessage \
 > libx11 libxft libxinerama libxrandr libxss \
 > pkgconf
 ```
 #### Void
 ``` console
 $ sudo xbps-install \
 > git \
 > ncurses-libtinfo-libs ncurses-libtinfo-devel \
 > libX11-devel libXft-devel libXinerama-devel libXrandr-devel libXScrnSaver-devel \
 > pkg-config
 ```
 ## Preparation
 We'll use the [XDG] directory specifications here, meaning our
 configuration will reside within `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME`, which is
 `~/.config` on most systems.  Let's create this directory and move to
 it:
 ``` console
 $ mkdir -p ~/.config/xmonad && cd ~/.config/xmonad
 ```
 If you already have an `xmonad.hs` configuration, you can copy it over
 now.  If not, you can use the defaults: create a file called `xmonad.hs`
 with the following content:
 ``` haskell
 import XMonad
 main :: IO ()
 main = xmonad def
 ```
 Older versions of xmonad used `~/.xmonad` instead.
 This is still supported, but XDG is preferred.
 ## Download XMonad sources
 Still in `~/.config/xmonad`, clone `xmonad` and `xmonad-contrib` repositories
 using [git][]:
 ``` console
 $ git clone https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad
 $ git clone https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib
 ```
 This will give you the latest `HEAD`; if you want you can also check
 out a tagged release, e.g.:
 ``` console
 $ git clone --branch v0.17.2 https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad
 $ git clone --branch v0.17.1 https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib
 ```
 (Sources and binaries don't usually go into `~/.config`.  In our case,
 however, it avoids complexities related to Haskell build tools and lets us
 focus on the important bits of XMonad installation.)
 ## Build XMonad
 There are two widely used Haskell build tools:
 * [Stack][stack]
 * [cabal-install][cabal-install]
 We include instructions for both.
 Unless you already know which one you prefer, use Stack, which is easier.
 ### Build using Stack
 #### Install Stack
 Probably one of the best ways to get [stack] is to use [GHCup], which is the main Haskell installer according to language's official [website][GHCup] and community [survey]. GHCup is [widely available] and is considered less error prone than other installation options.
 You can also use your system's package
 manager:
 ``` console
 $ sudo apt install haskell-stack    # Debian, Ubuntu
 $ sudo dnf install stack            # Fedora
 $ sudo pacman -S stack              # Arch
 ```
 If you install stack via this method, it is advisable that you run
 `stack upgrade` after installation.  This will make sure that you are on
 the most recent version of the program, regardless of which version your
 distribution actually packages.
 If your distribution does not package stack, you can also easily install
 it via the following command (this is the recommended way to install
 stack via its [documentation][stack]):
 ``` console
 $ curl -sSL https://get.haskellstack.org/ | sh
 ```
 #### Create a New Project
 Let's create a stack project.  Since we're already in the correct
 directory (`~/.config/xmonad`) with `xmonad` and `xmonad-contrib`
 subdirectories, starting a new stack project is as simple as running `stack
 init`.
 Stack should now inform you that it will use the relevant `stack` and
 `cabal` files from `xmonad` and `xmonad-contrib` to generate its
 `stack.yaml` file.  At the time of writing, this looks a little bit like
 this:
 ``` console
 $ stack init
 Looking for .cabal or package.yaml files to use to init the project.
 Using cabal packages:
 - xmonad-contrib/
 - xmonad/
 Selecting the best among 19 snapshots...
 * Matches https://raw.githubusercontent.com/commercialhaskell/stackage-snapshots/master/lts/17/9.yaml
 Selected resolver: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/commercialhaskell/stackage-snapshots/master/lts/17/9.yaml
 Initialising configuration using resolver: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/commercialhaskell/stackage-snapshots/master/lts/17/9.yaml
 Total number of user packages considered: 2
 Writing configuration to file: stack.yaml
 All done.
 ```
 If you look into your current directory now, you should see a freshly
 generated `stack.yaml` file:
 ``` console
 $ ls
 xmonad  xmonad-contrib  stack.yaml  xmonad.hs
 ```
 The meat of that file (comments start with `#`, we've omitted them here)
 will look a little bit like
 ``` yaml
 resolver:
  url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/commercialhaskell/stackage-snapshots/master/lts/17/9.yaml
 packages:
 - xmonad
 - xmonad-contrib
 ```
 With `stack.yaml` alongside `xmonad.hs`, xmonad now knows that it needs to use
 `stack ghc` instead of just `ghc` when (re)compiling its configuration.
 If you want to keep xmonad sources and the stack project elsewhere, but still
 use `xmonad --recompile`, symlink your real `stack.yaml` into the xmonad
 configuration directory, or [use a custom build script](#custom-build-script).
 #### Install Everything
 Installing things is as easy as typing `stack install`.  This will
 install the correct version of GHC, as well as build all of the required
 packages (`stack build`) and then copy the relevant executables
 (`xmonad`, in our case) to `~/.local/bin`.  Make sure to add that
 directory to your `$PATH`!  The command `which xmonad` should now return
 that executable.  In case it does not, check if you still have xmonad
 installed via your package manager and uninstall it.
 If you're getting build failures while building the `X11` package it may
 be that you don't have the required C libraries installed.  See
 [above](#dependencies).
 ### Build using cabal-install
 #### Install cabal-install
 Probably one of the best ways to get [cabal-install] is to use [GHCup], which is the main Haskell installer according to language's official [website][GHCup] and community [survey]. GHCup is [widely available] and is considered less error prone than other installation options.
 You can also use your system's package
 manager:
 ``` console
 $ sudo apt install cabal-install    # Debian, Ubuntu
 $ sudo dnf install cabal-install    # Fedora
 $ sudo pacman -S cabal-install      # Arch
 ```
 See also <https://www.haskell.org/cabal/#install-upgrade>.
 #### Create a New Project
 If you want to use `xmonad` or `xmonad-contrib` from git, you will need a
 `cabal.project` file. If you want to use both from [Hackage][], you should
 skip this step.
 Create a file named `cabal.project` containing:
 ```
 packages: */*.cabal
 ```
 (If you do this step without using [git] checkouts, you will get an error from
 cabal in the next step. Simply remove `cabal.project` and try again.)
 #### Install Everything
 You'll need to update the cabal package index, build xmonad and xmonad-contrib
 libraries and then build the xmonad binary:
 ``` console
 $ cabal update
 $ cabal install --package-env=$HOME/.config/xmonad --lib base xmonad xmonad-contrib
 $ cabal install --package-env=$HOME/.config/xmonad xmonad
 ```
 This will create a GHC environment in `~/.config/xmonad` so that the libraries
 are available for recompilation of the config file, and also install the
 xmonad binary to `~/.cabal/bin/xmonad`.  Make sure you have that directory in
 your `$PATH`!
 If you're getting build failures while building the `X11` package it may
 be that you don't have the required C libraries installed.  See
 [above](#dependencies).
 ## Make XMonad your window manager
 This step varies depending on your distribution and X display manager (if
 any).
 #### Debian, Ubuntu
 `/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc` runs `/etc/X11/Xsession` which runs `~/.xsession`, so
 you probably want to put `exec xmonad` there (don't forget the shebang and chmod).
 (Tested with `startx`, `xdm`, `lightdm`.)
 By using `~/.xsession`, the distro takes care of stuff like dbus, ssh-agent, X
 resources, etc.  If you want a completely manual X session, use `~/.xinitrc`
 instead.  Or invoke `startx`/`xinit` with an explicit path.
 Some newer display managers require an entry in `/usr/share/xsessions`.
 To use your custom `~/.xsession`, put these lines to
 `/usr/share/xsessions/default.desktop`:
 ```
 [Desktop Entry]
 Name=Default X session
 Type=Application
 Exec=default
 ```
 (Tested with `sddm`.)
 #### Fedora
 `/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc` runs `~/.Xclients`, so you probably want to put `exec
 xmonad` there (don't forget the shebang and chmod).  Like in Debian, this can
 be overridden by having a completely custom `~/.xinitrc` or passing arguments
 to `startx`/`xinit`.
 X display managers (e.g. `lightdm`) usually invoke `/etc/X11/xinit/Xsession`
 instead, which additionally redirects output to `~/.xsession-errors` and also
 tries `~/.xsession` before `~/.Xclients`.
 Newer display managers require an entry in `/usr/share/xsessions`, which is
 available in the `xorg-x11-xinit-session` package.
 #### Arch
 `/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc` runs `twm`, `xclock` and 3 `xterm`s; users are
 meant to just copy that to `~/.xinitrc` and
 [customize](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Xinit#xinitrc) it: replace the
 last few lines with `exec xmonad`.
 Display managers like `lightdm` have their own `Xsession` script which invokes
 `~/.xsession`.  Other display managers need an entry in
 `/usr/share/xsessions`, <https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/xinit-xsession/>
 provides one.
 #### See also
 * <https://xmonad.org/documentation.html#in-your-environment>
 * [FAQ: How can I use xmonad with a display manager? (xdm, kdm, gdm)](https://wiki.haskell.org/Xmonad/Frequently_asked_questions#How_can_I_use_xmonad_with_a_display_manager.3F_.28xdm.2C_kdm.2C_gdm.29)
 ## Custom Build Script
 If you need to customize what happens during `xmonad --recompile` (bound to
 `M-q` by default), perhaps because your xmonad configuration is a whole
 separate Haskell package, you need to create a so-called `build` file.  This
 is quite literally just a shell script called `build` in your xmonad directory
 (which is `~/.config/xmonad` for us) that tells xmonad how it should build its
 executable.
 A good starting point (this is essentially [what xmonad would do][]
 without a build file, with the exception that we are invoking `stack
 ghc` instead of plain `ghc`) would be
 ``` shell
 #!/bin/sh
 exec stack ghc --  \
  --make xmonad.hs \
  -i               \
  -ilib            \
  -fforce-recomp   \
  -main-is main    \
  -v0              \
  -o "$1"
 ```
 Don't forget to mark the file as `+x`: `chmod +x build`!
 Some example build scripts for `stack` and `cabal` are provided in the
 `xmonad-contrib` distribution. You can see those online in the
 [scripts/build][] directory. You might wish to use these if you have
 special dependencies for your `xmonad.hs`, especially with cabal as
 you must use a cabal file and often a `cabal.project` to specify them;
 `cabal install --lib` above generally isn't enough, and when it is
 it can be difficult to keep track of when you want to replicate your
 configuration on another system.
 #### Don't Recompile on Every Startup
 By default, xmonad always recompiles itself when a build script is used
 (because the build script could contain arbitrary code, so a simple
 check whether the `xmonad.hs` file changed is not enough).  If you find
 that too annoying, then you can use the `xmonad-ARCH` executable that
 `xmonad --recompile` generates instead of `xmonad` in your startup.  For
 example, instead of writing
 ``` shell
 exec xmonad
 ```
 in your `~/.xinitrc`, you would write
 ``` shell
 exec $HOME/.cache/xmonad/xmonad-x86_64-linux
 ```
 The `~/.cache` prefix is the `$XDG_CACHE_HOME` directory.  Note that
 if your xmonad configuration resides within `~/.xmonad`, then the
 executable will also be within that directory and not in
 `$XDG_CACHE_HOME`.
 [XDG]: https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
 [git]: https://git-scm.com/
 [stack]: https://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/README/
 [cabal-install]: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/
 [GHCup]: https://www.haskell.org/ghcup/
 [survey]: https://taylor.fausak.me/2022/11/18/haskell-survey-results/
 [widely available]: https://www.haskell.org/ghcup/install/#supported-platforms
 [what xmonad would do]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/blob/master/src/XMonad/Core.hs#L659-L667
 [Hackage]: https://hackage.haskell.org/
 [scripts/build]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib/blob/master/scripts/build
--- a/45
+++ b/45
@ -1,28 +1,31 @@
 Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Spencer Janssen
 Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Don Stewart
 Copyright (c) The Xmonad Community. All rights reserved.
-Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
+All rights reserved.
 are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 are met:
-2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-specific prior written permission.
+   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+3. Neither the name of the author nor the names of his contributors
-AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+   without specific prior written permission.
-ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+
-LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
-DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
-SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
-CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
-OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
+ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
 ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
--- a/MAINTAINERS.md
+++ b/MAINTAINERS.md
@ -2,145 +2,82 @@
 ## The XMonad Core Team
-  * Brandon S Allbery [GitHub][geekosaur], IRC: `geekosaur`, [GPG][gpg:geekosaur]
+  * Adam Vogt [GitHub][aavogt]
  * Brandon S Allbery [GitHub][geekosaur], IRC: `geekosaur`
  * Brent Yorgey [GitHub][byorgey], IRC: `byorgey`
-  * Daniel Wagner [GitHub][dmwit], [Twitter][twitter:dmwit], IRC: `dmwit`
+  * Daniel Wagner [GitHub][dmwit], IRC: `dmwit`
-  * Sibi Prabakaran [GitHub][psibi], [Twitter][twitter:psibi], IRC: `sibi`
+  * David Lazar [GitHub][davidlazar]
-  * Tomáš Janoušek [GitHub][liskin], [Twitter][twitter:liskin], IRC: `liskin`, [GPG][gpg:liskin]
+  * Devin Mullins [GitHub][twifkak]
-  * Tony Zorman [GitHub][slotThe], IRC: `Solid`, [GPG][gpg:slotThe]
+  * Peter J. Jones [GitHub][pjones], [Twitter][twitter:pjones], [OpenPGP Key][pgp:pjones], IRC: `pmade`
 [geekosaur]: https://github.com/geekosaur
 [byorgey]: https://github.com/byorgey
 [dmwit]: https://github.com/dmwit
 [psibi]: https://github.com/psibi
 [liskin]: https://github.com/liskin
 [slotThe]: https://github.com/slotThe
 [gpg:geekosaur]: https://github.com/geekosaur.gpg
 [gpg:liskin]: https://github.com/liskin.gpg
 [gpg:slotThe]: https://github.com/slotThe.gpg
 [twitter:dmwit]: https://twitter.com/dmwit13
 [twitter:psibi]: https://twitter.com/psibi
 [twitter:liskin]: https://twitter.com/Liskni_si
 ## Hall of Fame (past maintainers/developers)
  * Adam Vogt [GitHub](https://github.com/aavogt)
  * Peter Simons [GitHub](https://github.com/peti), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/OriginalPeti)
  * Spencer Janssen [GitHub](https://github.com/spencerjanssen)
  * Don Stewart [GitHub](https://github.com/donsbot), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/donsbot)
  * Jason Creighton [GitHub](https://github.com/JasonCreighton)
  * David Roundy [GitHub](https://github.com/droundy)
  * Daniel Schoepe [GitHub](https://github.com/dschoepe)
  * Eric Mertens [GitHub](https://github.com/glguy)
  * Nicolas Pouillard [GitHub](https://github.com/np)
  * Roman Cheplyaka [GitHub](https://github.com/UnkindPartition)
  * Gwern Branwen [GitHub](https://github.com/gwern)
  * Lukas Mai [GitHub](https://github.com/mauke)
  * Braden Shepherdson [GitHub](https://github.com/shepheb)
  * Devin Mullins [GitHub](https://github.com/twifkak)
  * David Lazar [GitHub](https://github.com/davidlazar)
  * Peter J. Jones [GitHub](https://github.com/pjones)
 ## Release Procedures
-When the time comes to release another version of xmonad and xmonad-contrib:
+When the time comes to release another version of XMonad and Contrib...
-  1. Update the version number in all the `*.cabal` files and let the CI
+  1. Create a release branch (e.g., `release-0.XX`).
     verify that it all builds together.
-  2. Review documentation files and make sure they are accurate:
+     This will allow you to separate the release process from main
     development.  Changes you make on this branch will be merged back
     into `master` as one of the last steps.
-     - [`README.md`](README.md)
+  2. Update the version number in the `*.cabal` files and verify
-     - [`CHANGES.md`](CHANGES.md) (bump version, set date)
+     dependencies and documentation.  This includes the `tested-with:`
-     - [`INSTALL.md`](INSTALL.md)
+     field.
     - [`man/xmonad.1.markdown.in`](man/xmonad.1.markdown.in)
     - [haddocks](https://xmonad.github.io/xmonad-docs/)
-     If the manpage changes, wait for the CI to rebuild the rendered outputs.
+  3. Use the [packdeps][] tool to ensure you have the dependency
     versions correct.  If you need to update the version of a
     dependency then you should rebuild and retest.
-  3. Update the website:
+  4. Review documentation files and make sure they are accurate:
-     - Draft a [new release announcement][web-announce].
+     - `README.md`
-     - Check install instructions, guided tour, keybindings cheat sheet, …
+     - `CHANGES.md`
     - and the `example-config.hs` in the `xmonad-testing` repo
-  4. Make sure that `tested-with:` covers several recent releases of GHC, that
+  5. Generate the manpage:
     `.github/workflows/haskell-ci.yml` had been updated to test all these GHC
     versions and that `.github/workflows/stack.yml` tests with several recent
     revisions of [Stackage][] LTS.
-  5. Trigger the Haskell-CI workflow and fill in the candidate version number.
+     * `cabal configure` with the `-fgeneratemanpage` flag
-     This will upload a release candidate to Hackage.
+     * Build the project
     * Run the `generatemanpage` tool from the top level of this repo
     * Review the man page: `man -l man/xmonad.1`
-     - https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/actions/workflows/haskell-ci.yml
+  6. Tag the repository with the release version (e.g., `v0.13`)
     - https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib/actions/workflows/haskell-ci.yml
-     Check that everything looks good. If not, push fixes and do another
+  7. Build the project tarballs (`cabal sdist`)
     candidate. When everything's ready, create a release on GitHub:
-     - https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/releases/new
+  8. Upload the packages to Hackage (`cabal upload`)
     - https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib/releases/new
-     CI will automatically upload the final release to Hackage.
+  9. Merge the release branches into `master`
-     See [haskell-ci-hackage.patch][] for details about the Hackage automation.
+  10. Update the website:
-  6. Post announcement to:
+      * Generate and push haddocks with `xmonad-web/gen-docs.sh`
-     - [xmonad.org website](https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-web/tree/gh-pages/news/_posts)
+      * Check that `tour.html` and `intro.html` are up to date, and
-     - [XMonad mailing list](https://mail.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/xmonad)
+        mention all core bindings
     - [Haskell Cafe](https://mail.haskell.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe)
     - [Haskell Discourse](https://discourse.haskell.org/)
     - [Twitter](https://twitter.com/xmonad)
     - [Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/xmonad/)
-     See [old announcements][old-announce] ([even older][older-announce]) for inspiration.
+  11. Update the topic for the IRC channel (`#xmonad`)
-  7. Trigger xmonad-docs build to generate and persist docs for the just
+  12. Send the `announce-0.XX.txt` file to:
     released version:
-     - https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-docs/actions/workflows/stack.yml
+      - XMonad mailing list
      - Haskell Cafe
-  8. Bump version for development (add `.9`) and prepare fresh sections in
+[packdeps]: http://hackage.haskell.org/package/packdeps
     [`CHANGES.md`](CHANGES.md).
-[packdeps]: https://hackage.haskell.org/package/packdeps
+[aavogt]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/aavogt
-[Stackage]: https://www.stackage.org/
+[geekosaur]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/geekosaur
-[haskell-ci-hackage.patch]: .github/workflows/haskell-ci-hackage.patch
+[byorgey]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/byorgey
-[web-announce]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-web/tree/gh-pages/news/_posts
+[dmwit]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/dmwit
-[old-announce]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-web/blob/gh-pages/news/_posts/2021-10-27-xmonad-0-17-0.md
+[davidlazar]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/davidlazar
-[older-announce]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-web/tree/55614349421ebafaef4a47424fcb16efa80ff768
+[twifkak]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/twifkak
-## Website and Other Accounts
+[pjones]: https://github.com/orgs/xmonad/people/pjones
-
+[twitter:pjones]: https://twitter.com/contextualdev
-* The [xmonad twitter] is tended to by [liskin].
+[pgp:pjones]: http://pgp.mit.edu/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x526722D1204284CB
 * The [xmonad.org] domain is owned by [eyenx] and the website itself is
  deployed via GitHub Pages.  It can be updated by making a pull request
  against the [xmonad-web] repository.
 [eyenx]: https://github.com/eyenx
 [xmonad-web]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-web/
 [xmonad.org]: https://xmonad.org/
 [xmonad twitter]: https://twitter.com/xmonad
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -1,27 +1,8 @@
-<p align="center">
+# xmonad: A Tiling Window Manager
  <a href="https://xmonad.org/"><img alt="XMonad logo" src="https://xmonad.org/images/logo-wrapped.svg" height=150></a>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
  <a href="https://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmonad"><img alt="Hackage" src="https://img.shields.io/hackage/v/xmonad?logo=haskell"></a>
  <a href="https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/blob/readme/LICENSE"><img alt="License" src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/xmonad/xmonad"></a>
  <a href="https://haskell.org/"><img alt="Made in Haskell" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Made%20in-Haskell-%235e5086?logo=haskell"></a>
  <br>
  <a href="https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/actions/workflows/stack.yml"><img alt="Stack" src="https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/xmonad/xmonad/stack.yml?label=Stack&logo=githubactions&logoColor=white"></a>
  <a href="https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/actions/workflows/haskell-ci.yml"><img alt="Cabal" src="https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/xmonad/xmonad/haskell-ci.yml?label=Cabal&logo=githubactions&logoColor=white"></a>
  <a href="https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/actions/workflows/nix.yml"><img alt="Nix" src="https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/xmonad/xmonad/nix.yml?label=Nix&logo=githubactions&logoColor=white"></a>
  <br>
  <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/xmonad"><img alt="GitHub Sponsors" src="https://img.shields.io/github/sponsors/xmonad?label=GitHub%20Sponsors&logo=githubsponsors"></a>
  <a href="https://opencollective.com/xmonad"><img alt="Open Collective" src="https://img.shields.io/opencollective/all/xmonad?label=Open%20Collective&logo=opencollective"></a>
  <br>
  <a href="https://web.libera.chat/#xmonad"><img alt="Chat on #xmonad@irc.libera.chat" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/%23%20chat-on%20libera-brightgreen"></a>
  <a href="https://matrix.to/#/#xmonad:matrix.org"><img alt="Chat on #xmonad:matrix.org" src="https://img.shields.io/matrix/xmonad:matrix.org?logo=matrix"></a>
 </p>
-# xmonad
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/xmonad/xmonad.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/xmonad/xmonad)
-**A tiling window manager for X11.**
+[xmonad][] is a tiling window manager for X. Windows are arranged
 [XMonad][web:xmonad] is a tiling window manager for X11. Windows are arranged
 automatically to tile the screen without gaps or overlap, maximising
 screen use. Window manager features are accessible from the keyboard:
 a mouse is optional. xmonad is written, configured and extensible in
@ -31,74 +12,118 @@ dynamically, and different layouts may be used on each
 workspace. Xinerama is fully supported, allowing windows to be tiled
 on several physical screens.
-This repository contains the [xmonad][hackage:xmonad] package, a minimal,
+## Quick Start
 stable, yet extensible core. It is accompanied by
 [xmonad-contrib][gh:xmonad-contrib], a library of hundreds of additional
 community-maintained tiling algorithms and extension modules. The two combined
 make for a powerful X11 window-manager with endless customization
 possibilities. They are, quite literally, libraries for creating your own
 window manager.
-## Installation
+  * From hackage:
-For installation and configuration instructions, please see:
+        cabal update
        cabal install xmonad xmonad-contrib
- * [downloading and installing xmonad][web:download]
+  * Alternatively, build from source using the following repositories:
 * [installing latest xmonad snapshot from git][web:install]
 * [configuring xmonad][web:tutorial]
-If you run into any trouble, consult our [documentation][web:documentation] or
+    - <https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad>
 ask the [community][web:community] for help.
-## Contributing
+    - <https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib>
-We welcome all forms of contributions:
+For the full story, read on.
- * [bug reports and feature ideas][gh:xmonad:issues]
+## Building
   (also to [xmonad-contrib][gh:xmonad-contrib:issues])
 * [bug fixes, new features, new extensions][gh:xmonad:pulls]
   (usually to [xmonad-contrib][gh:xmonad-contrib:pulls])
 * documentation fixes and improvements: [xmonad][gh:xmonad],
   [xmonad-contrib][gh:xmonad-contrib], [xmonad-web][gh:xmonad-web]
 * helping others in the [community][web:community]
 * financial support: [GitHub Sponsors][gh:xmonad:sponsors],
   [Open Collective][opencollective:xmonad]
-Please do read the [CONTRIBUTING][gh:xmonad:contributing] document for more
+Building is quite straightforward, and requires a basic Haskell toolchain.
-information about bug reporting and code contributions. For a brief overview
+On many systems xmonad is available as a binary package in your
-of the architecture and code conventions, see the [documentation for the
+package system (e.g. on Debian or Gentoo). If at all possible, use this
-`XMonad.Doc.Developing` module][doc:developing]. If in doubt, [talk to
+in preference to a source build, as the dependency resolution will be
-us][web:community].
+simpler.
 We'll now walk through the complete list of toolchain dependencies.
  * GHC: the Glasgow Haskell Compiler
    You first need a Haskell compiler. Your distribution's package
    system will have binaries of GHC (the Glasgow Haskell Compiler),
    the compiler we use, so install that first. If your operating
    system's package system doesn't provide a binary version of GHC
    and the `cabal-install` tool, you can install both using the
    [Haskell Platform][platform].
    It shouldn't be necessary to compile GHC from source -- every common
    system has a pre-build binary version.  However, if you want to
    build from source, the following links will be helpful:
      - GHC: <http://haskell.org/ghc/>
      - Cabal: <http://haskell.org/cabal/download.html>
  * X11 libraries:
    Since you're building an X application, you'll need the C X11
    library headers. On many platforms, these come pre-installed. For
    others, such as Debian, you can get them from your package manager:
        # for xmonad
        $ apt-get install libx11-dev libxinerama-dev libxext-dev libxrandr-dev libxss-dev
        # for xmonad-contrib
        $ apt-get install libxft-dev
 Then build and install with:
    $ cabal install
 ## Running xmonad
 If you built XMonad using `cabal` then add:
    exec $HOME/.cabal/bin/xmonad
 to the last line of your `.xsession` or `.xinitrc` file.
 ## Configuring
 See the [CONFIG][] document and the [example configuration file][example-config].
 ## XMonadContrib
 There are many extensions to xmonad available in the XMonadContrib
 (xmc) library. Examples include an ion3-like tabbed layout, a
 prompt/program launcher, and various other useful modules.
 XMonadContrib is available at:
  * Latest release: <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmonad-contrib>
  * Git version: <https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib>
 ## Other Useful Programs
 A nicer xterm replacement, that supports resizing better:
  * urxvt: <http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html>
 For custom status bars:
  * xmobar: <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmobar>
  * taffybar: <https://github.com/travitch/taffybar>
  * dzen: <http://gotmor.googlepages.com/dzen>
 For a program dispatch menu:
  * [XMonad.Prompt.Shell][xmc-prompt-shell]: (from [XMonadContrib][])
  * dmenu: <http://www.suckless.org/download/>
  * gmrun: (in your package system)
 ## Authors
-Started in 2007 by [Spencer Janssen][gh:spencerjanssen], [Don
+  * Spencer Janssen
-Stewart][gh:donsbot] and [Jason Creighton][gh:JasonCreighton], the
+  * Don Stewart
-[XMonad][web:xmonad] project lives on thanks to [new generations of
+  * Jason Creighton
 maintainers][gh:xmonad:maintainers] and [dozens of
 contributors][gh:xmonad:contributors].
-[gh:spencerjanssen]: https://github.com/spencerjanssen
+[xmonad]: http://xmonad.org
-[gh:donsbot]: https://github.com/donsbot
+[xmonadcontrib]: https://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmonad-contrib
-[gh:JasonCreighton]: https://github.com/JasonCreighton
+[xmc-prompt-shell]: https://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmonad-contrib/docs/XMonad-Prompt-Shell.html
-
+[platform]: http://haskell.org/platform/
-[doc:developing]: https://xmonad.github.io/xmonad-docs/xmonad-contrib/XMonad-Doc-Developing.html
+[example-config]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-testing/blob/master/example-config.hs
-[gh:xmonad-contrib:issues]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib/issues
+[config]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/blob/master/CONFIG
 [gh:xmonad-contrib:pulls]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib/pulls
 [gh:xmonad-contrib]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-contrib
 [gh:xmonad-web]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad-web
 [gh:xmonad:contributing]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
 [gh:xmonad:contributors]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/graphs/contributors
 [gh:xmonad:issues]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues
 [gh:xmonad:maintainers]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/blob/master/MAINTAINERS.md
 [gh:xmonad:pulls]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/pulls
 [gh:xmonad:sponsors]: https://github.com/sponsors/xmonad
 [gh:xmonad]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad
 [hackage:xmonad]: https://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmonad
 [opencollective:xmonad]: https://opencollective.com/xmonad
 [web:community]: https://xmonad.org/community.html
 [web:documentation]: https://xmonad.org/documentation.html
 [web:download]: https://xmonad.org/download.html
 [web:install]: https://xmonad.org/INSTALL.html
 [web:tutorial]: https://xmonad.org/TUTORIAL.html
 [web:xmonad]: https://xmonad.org/
--- a/22
+++ b/22
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
 == Coding guidelines for contributing to
 == xmonad and the xmonad contributed extensions
 * Comment every top level function (particularly exported functions), and
  provide a type signature; use Haddock syntax in the comments.
 * Follow the coding style of the other modules.
 * Code should be compilable with -Wall -Werror -fno-warn-unused-do-bind -fwarn-tabs.
  There should be no warnings.
 * Partial functions should be avoided: the window manager should not
  crash, so do not call `error` or `undefined`
 * Use 4 spaces for indenting.
 * Any pure function added to the core should have QuickCheck properties
  precisely defining its behavior.
 * New modules should identify the author, and be submitted under
  the same license as xmonad (BSD3 license or freer).
--- a/TUTORIAL.md
+++ b/TUTORIAL.md
--- a/cabal.haskell-ci
+++ b/cabal.haskell-ci
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
 apt:
  libx11-dev
  libxext-dev
  libxinerama-dev
  libxrandr-dev
  libxss-dev
 github-patches:
  .github/workflows/haskell-ci-hackage.patch
 raw-project
  optimization: False
  package xmonad
    flags: +pedantic
 -- avoid --haddock-all which overwrites *-docs.tar.gz with tests docs
 haddock-components: libs
--- a/cabal.project
+++ b/cabal.project
@ -1,4 +1 @@
-- cabal.project
+packages: ./
 packages:
  xmonad.cabal
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
 # This file is maintained by @IvanMalison and @LSLeary (github)
 # See xmonad-contrib/NIX.md for an overview of module usage.
 {
  inputs = {
    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
    git-ignore-nix.url = "github:hercules-ci/gitignore.nix/master";
    unstable.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
  };
  outputs = { self, flake-utils, nixpkgs, unstable, git-ignore-nix }:
  let
    hpath = { prefix ? null, compiler ? null }:
      (if prefix == null then [] else [ prefix ]) ++
      (if compiler == null
       then [ "haskellPackages" ]
       else [ "haskell" "packages" compiler ]
      );
    fromHOL = hol: comp: final: prev: with prev.lib; with attrsets;
      let
        path   = hpath comp;
        root   = head path;
        branch = tail path;
        hpkgs' = (getAttrFromPath path prev).override (old: {
          overrides = composeExtensions (old.overrides or (_: _: {}))
            (hol final prev);
        });
      in {
        ${root} = recursiveUpdate prev.${root} (setAttrByPath branch hpkgs');
      };
    hoverlay = final: prev: hself: hsuper:
      with prev.haskell.lib.compose; {
        xmonad = hself.callCabal2nix "xmonad"
          (git-ignore-nix.lib.gitignoreSource ./.) { };
      };
    defComp = if builtins.pathExists ./comp.nix
      then import ./comp.nix
      else { };
    overlay = fromHOL hoverlay defComp;
    overlays = [ overlay ];
    nixosModule = { config, pkgs, lib, ... }: with lib; with attrsets;
      let
        cfg = config.services.xserver.windowManager.xmonad.flake;
        comp = { inherit (cfg) prefix compiler; };
      in {
        options = {
          services.xserver.windowManager.xmonad.flake = with types; {
            enable = mkEnableOption "flake";
            prefix = mkOption {
              default = null;
              type = nullOr str;
              example = literalExpression "\"unstable\"";
              description = ''
                Specify a nested alternative <literal>pkgs</literal> by attrName.
              '';
            };
            compiler = mkOption {
              default = null;
              type = nullOr str;
              example = literalExpression "\"ghc922\"";
              description = ''
                Which compiler to build xmonad with.
                Must be an attribute of <literal>pkgs.haskell.packages</literal>.
                Sets <option>xmonad.haskellPackages</option> to match.
              '';
            };
          };
        };
        config = mkIf cfg.enable {
          nixpkgs.overlays = [ (fromHOL hoverlay comp) ];
          services.xserver.windowManager.xmonad.haskellPackages =
            getAttrFromPath (hpath comp) pkgs;
        };
      };
    nixosModules = [ nixosModule ];
  in flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
  let pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system overlays; };
      hpkg = pkgs.lib.attrsets.getAttrFromPath (hpath defComp) pkgs;
      modifyDevShell =
        if builtins.pathExists ./develop.nix
        then import ./develop.nix
        else _: x: x;
  in
  rec {
    devShell = hpkg.shellFor (modifyDevShell pkgs {
      packages = p: [ p.xmonad ];
    });
    defaultPackage = hpkg.xmonad;
    # An auxiliary NixOS module that modernises the standard xmonad NixOS module
    # and wrapper script used, replacing them with versions from unstable.
    # Currently, due to the NIX_GHC --> XMONAD_GHC env var change, this is
    # necessary in order for Mod-q recompilation to work out-of-the-box.
    modernise =
      let
        xmonadModFile = "services/x11/window-managers/xmonad.nix";
        unpkgs = import unstable { inherit system; };
        replaceWrapper = _: _:
          { xmonad-with-packages = unpkgs.xmonad-with-packages; };
      in {
        disabledModules = [ xmonadModFile ];
        imports = [ (unstable + "/nixos/modules/" + xmonadModFile) ];
        nixpkgs.overlays = [ replaceWrapper ];
      };
  }) // {
    inherit hoverlay overlay overlays nixosModule nixosModules;
    lib = { inherit hpath fromHOL; };
  };
 }
--- a/man/Makefile
+++ b/man/Makefile
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
 .PHONY: all
 all: xmonad.1 xmonad.1.html
 xmonad.1.markdown: xmonad.1.markdown.in
 	(cd .. && util/GenerateManpage.hs) <$< >$@
 xmonad.1: xmonad.1.markdown
 	pandoc --from=markdown --to=man --standalone --output=$@ $<
 xmonad.1.html: xmonad.1.markdown
 	pandoc --from=markdown --to=html --standalone --table-of-contents --output=$@ $<
--- a/man/xmonad.1
+++ b/man/xmonad.1
@ -1,27 +1,13 @@
-.\" Automatically generated by Pandoc 3.1.3
+.\" Automatically generated by Pandoc 2.2.1
 .\"
-.\" Define V font for inline verbatim, using C font in formats
+.TH "XMONAD" "1" "20 August 2018" "Tiling Window Manager" ""
 .\" that render this, and otherwise B font.
 .ie "\f[CB]x\f[]"x" \{\
 . ftr V B
 . ftr VI BI
 . ftr VB B
 . ftr VBI BI
 .\}
 .el \{\
 . ftr V CR
 . ftr VI CI
 . ftr VB CB
 . ftr VBI CBI
 .\}
 .TH "XMONAD" "1" "27 October 2021" "Tiling Window Manager" ""
 .hy
 .SH Name
 .PP
-xmonad - Tiling Window Manager
+xmonad \- Tiling Window Manager
 .SH Description
 .PP
-\f[I]xmonad\f[R] is a minimalist tiling window manager for X, written in
+\f[I]xmonad\f[] is a minimalist tiling window manager for X, written in
 Haskell.
 Windows are managed using automatic layout algorithms, which can be
 dynamically reconfigured.
@ -29,14 +15,14 @@ At any time windows are arranged so as to maximize the use of screen
 real estate.
 All features of the window manager are accessible purely from the
 keyboard: a mouse is entirely optional.
-\f[I]xmonad\f[R] is configured in Haskell, and custom layout algorithms
+\f[I]xmonad\f[] is configured in Haskell, and custom layout algorithms
 may be implemented by the user in config files.
-A principle of \f[I]xmonad\f[R] is predictability: the user should know
+A principle of \f[I]xmonad\f[] is predictability: the user should know
 in advance precisely the window arrangement that will result from any
 action.
 .PP
-By default, \f[I]xmonad\f[R] provides three layout algorithms: tall,
+By default, \f[I]xmonad\f[] provides three layout algorithms: tall, wide
-wide and fullscreen.
+and fullscreen.
 In tall or wide mode, windows are tiled and arranged to prevent overlap
 and maximize screen use.
 Sets of windows are grouped together on virtual screens, and each screen
@ -45,34 +31,34 @@ Multiple physical monitors are supported via Xinerama, allowing
 simultaneous display of a number of screens.
 .PP
 By utilizing the expressivity of a modern functional language with a
-rich static type system, \f[I]xmonad\f[R] provides a complete,
+rich static type system, \f[I]xmonad\f[] provides a complete, featureful
-featureful window manager in less than 1200 lines of code, with an
+window manager in less than 1200 lines of code, with an emphasis on
-emphasis on correctness and robustness.
+correctness and robustness.
 Internal properties of the window manager are checked using a
 combination of static guarantees provided by the type system, and
-type-based automated testing.
+type\-based automated testing.
 A benefit of this is that the code is simple to understand, and easy to
 modify.
 .SH Usage
 .PP
-\f[I]xmonad\f[R] places each window into a \[lq]workspace\[rq].
+\f[I]xmonad\f[] places each window into a \[lq]workspace\[rq].
 Each workspace can have any number of windows, which you can cycle
-though with mod-j and mod-k.
+though with mod\-j and mod\-k.
 Windows are either displayed full screen, tiled horizontally, or tiled
 vertically.
-You can toggle the layout mode with mod-space, which will cycle through
+You can toggle the layout mode with mod\-space, which will cycle through
 the available modes.
 .PP
-You can switch to workspace N with mod-N.
+You can switch to workspace N with mod\-N.
-For example, to switch to workspace 5, you would press mod-5.
+For example, to switch to workspace 5, you would press mod\-5.
 Similarly, you can move the current window to another workspace with
-mod-shift-N.
+mod\-shift\-N.
 .PP
 When running with multiple monitors (Xinerama), each screen has exactly
 1 workspace visible.
-mod-{w,e,r} switch the focus between screens, while shift-mod-{w,e,r}
+mod\-{w,e,r} switch the focus between screens, while shift\-mod\-{w,e,r}
 move the current window to that screen.
-When \f[I]xmonad\f[R] starts, workspace 1 is on screen 1, workspace 2 is
+When \f[I]xmonad\f[] starts, workspace 1 is on screen 1, workspace 2 is
 on screen 2, etc.
 When switching workspaces to one that is already visible, the current
 and visible workspaces are swapped.
@ -81,159 +67,221 @@ and visible workspaces are swapped.
 xmonad has several flags which you may pass to the executable.
 These flags are:
 .TP
-\[en]recompile
+.B \[en]recompile
-Recompiles your \f[I]xmonad.hs\f[R] configuration
+Recompiles your configuration in \f[I]~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs\f[]
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-\[en]restart
+.B \[en]restart
-Causes the currently running \f[I]xmonad\f[R] process to restart
+Causes the currently running \f[I]xmonad\f[] process to restart
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-\[en]replace
+.B \[en]replace
 Replace the current window manager with xmonad
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-\[en]version
+.B \[en]version
-Display version of \f[I]xmonad\f[R]
+Display version of \f[I]xmonad\f[]
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-\[en]verbose-version
+.B \[en]verbose\-version
-Display detailed version of \f[I]xmonad\f[R]
+Display detailed version of \f[I]xmonad\f[]
-.SS Default keyboard bindings
+.RS
 .RE
 .PP
 ##Default keyboard bindings
 .TP
-mod-shift-return
+.B mod\-shift\-return
 Launch terminal
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-p
+.B mod\-p
 Launch dmenu
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-p
+.B mod\-shift\-p
 Launch gmrun
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-c
+.B mod\-shift\-c
 Close the focused window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-space
+.B mod\-space
 Rotate through the available layout algorithms
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-space
+.B mod\-shift\-space
 Reset the layouts on the current workspace to default
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-n
+.B mod\-n
 Resize viewed windows to the correct size
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-tab
+.B mod\-tab
 Move focus to the next window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-tab
+.B mod\-shift\-tab
 Move focus to the previous window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-j
+.B mod\-j
 Move focus to the next window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-k
+.B mod\-k
 Move focus to the previous window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-m
+.B mod\-m
 Move focus to the master window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-return
+.B mod\-return
 Swap the focused window and the master window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-j
+.B mod\-shift\-j
 Swap the focused window with the next window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-k
+.B mod\-shift\-k
 Swap the focused window with the previous window
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-h
+.B mod\-h
 Shrink the master area
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-l
+.B mod\-l
 Expand the master area
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-t
+.B mod\-t
 Push window back into tiling
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-comma
+.B mod\-comma
 Increment the number of windows in the master area
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-period
+.B mod\-period
 Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-q
+.B mod\-shift\-q
 Quit xmonad
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-q
+.B mod\-q
 Restart xmonad
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-slash
+.B mod\-shift\-slash
 Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for
 beginners)
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-question
+.B mod\-question
 Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for
 beginners)
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-[1..9]
+.B mod\-[1..9]
 Switch to workspace N
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-[1..9]
+.B mod\-shift\-[1..9]
 Move client to workspace N
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-{w,e,r}
+.B mod\-{w,e,r}
 Switch to physical/Xinerama screens 1, 2, or 3
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-shift-{w,e,r}
+.B mod\-shift\-{w,e,r}
 Move client to screen 1, 2, or 3
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-button1
+.B mod\-button1
 Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-button2
+.B mod\-button2
 Raise the window to the top of the stack
 .RS
 .RE
 .TP
-mod-button3
+.B mod\-button3
 Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
 .RS
 .RE
 .SH Examples
 .PP
-To use xmonad as your window manager add to your
+To use xmonad as your window manager add to your \f[I]~/.xinitrc\f[]
-\f[I]\[ti]/.xinitrc\f[R] file:
+file:
 .RS
 .PP
 exec xmonad
 .RE
 .SH Customization
 .PP
-xmonad is customized in your \f[I]xmonad.hs\f[R], and then restarted
+xmonad is customized in ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs, and then restarted with
-with mod-q.
+mod\-q.
 You can choose where your configuration file lives by
 .IP "1." 3
 Setting \f[V]XMONAD_DATA_DIR,\f[R] \f[V]XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR\f[R], and
 \f[V]XMONAD_CACHE_DIR\f[R]; \f[I]xmonad.hs\f[R] is then expected to be
 in \f[V]XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR\f[R].
 .IP "2." 3
 Creating \f[I]xmonad.hs\f[R] in \f[I]\[ti]/.xmonad\f[R].
 .IP "3." 3
 Creating \f[I]xmonad.hs\f[R] in \f[V]XDG_CONFIG_HOME\f[R].
 Note that, in this case, xmonad will use \f[V]XDG_DATA_HOME\f[R] and
 \f[V]XDG_CACHE_HOME\f[R] for its data and cache directory respectively.
 .PP
-You can find many extensions to the core feature set in the xmonad-
+You can find many extensions to the core feature set in the xmonad\-
 contrib package, available through your package manager or from
-xmonad.org (https://xmonad.org).
+xmonad.org (http://xmonad.org).
 .SS Modular Configuration
 .PP
-As of \f[I]xmonad-0.9\f[R], any additional Haskell modules may be placed
+As of \f[I]xmonad\-0.9\f[], any additional Haskell modules may be placed
-in \f[I]\[ti]/.xmonad/lib/\f[R] are available in GHC\[cq]s searchpath.
+in \f[I]~/.xmonad/lib/\f[] are available in GHC's searchpath.
 Hierarchical modules are supported: for example, the file
-\f[I]\[ti]/.xmonad/lib/XMonad/Stack/MyAdditions.hs\f[R] could contain:
+\f[I]~/.xmonad/lib/XMonad/Stack/MyAdditions.hs\f[] could contain:
 .IP
 .nf
 \f[C]
-module XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions (function1) where
+module\ XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions\ (function1)\ where
-  function1 = error \[dq]function1: Not implemented yet!\[dq]
+\ \ function1\ =\ error\ "function1:\ Not\ implemented\ yet!"
-\f[R]
+\f[]
 .fi
 .PP
 Your xmonad.hs may then import XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions as if that
-module was contained within xmonad or xmonad-contrib.
+module was contained within xmonad or xmonad\-contrib.
 .SH Bugs
 .PP
 Probably.
--- a/man/xmonad.1.html
+++ b/man/xmonad.1.html
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 </head>
 <body>
-<header id="title-block-header">
+<header>
 <h1 class="title">XMONAD(1) Tiling Window Manager</h1>
 <p class="author"></p>
-<p class="date">27 October 2021</p>
+<p class="date">20 August 2018</p>
 </header>
-<nav id="TOC" role="doc-toc">
+<nav id="TOC">
 <ul>
-<li><a href="#name" id="toc-name">Name</a></li>
+<li><a href="#name">Name</a></li>
-<li><a href="#description" id="toc-description">Description</a></li>
+<li><a href="#description">Description</a></li>
-<li><a href="#usage" id="toc-usage">Usage</a>
+<li><a href="#usage">Usage</a><ul>
-<ul>
+<li><a href="#flags">Flags</a></li>
 <li><a href="#flags" id="toc-flags">Flags</a></li>
 <li><a href="#default-keyboard-bindings"
 id="toc-default-keyboard-bindings">Default keyboard bindings</a></li>
 </ul></li>
-<li><a href="#examples" id="toc-examples">Examples</a></li>
+<li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
-<li><a href="#customization" id="toc-customization">Customization</a>
+<li><a href="#customization">Customization</a><ul>
-<ul>
+<li><a href="#modular-configuration">Modular Configuration</a></li>
 <li><a href="#modular-configuration"
 id="toc-modular-configuration">Modular Configuration</a></li>
 </ul></li>
-<li><a href="#bugs" id="toc-bugs">Bugs</a></li>
+<li><a href="#bugs">Bugs</a></li>
 </ul>
 </nav>
 <h1 id="name">Name</h1>
 <p>xmonad - Tiling Window Manager</p>
 <h1 id="description">Description</h1>
-<p><em>xmonad</em> is a minimalist tiling window manager for X, written
+<p><em>xmonad</em> is a minimalist tiling window manager for X, written in Haskell. Windows are managed using automatic layout algorithms, which can be dynamically reconfigured. At any time windows are arranged so as to maximize the use of screen real estate. All features of the window manager are accessible purely from the keyboard: a mouse is entirely optional. <em>xmonad</em> is configured in Haskell, and custom layout algorithms may be implemented by the user in config files. A principle of <em>xmonad</em> is predictability: the user should know in advance precisely the window arrangement that will result from any action.</p>
-in Haskell. Windows are managed using automatic layout algorithms, which
+<p>By default, <em>xmonad</em> provides three layout algorithms: tall, wide and fullscreen. In tall or wide mode, windows are tiled and arranged to prevent overlap and maximize screen use. Sets of windows are grouped together on virtual screens, and each screen retains its own layout, which may be reconfigured dynamically. Multiple physical monitors are supported via Xinerama, allowing simultaneous display of a number of screens.</p>
-can be dynamically reconfigured. At any time windows are arranged so as
+<p>By utilizing the expressivity of a modern functional language with a rich static type system, <em>xmonad</em> provides a complete, featureful window manager in less than 1200 lines of code, with an emphasis on correctness and robustness. Internal properties of the window manager are checked using a combination of static guarantees provided by the type system, and type-based automated testing. A benefit of this is that the code is simple to understand, and easy to modify.</p>
 to maximize the use of screen real estate. All features of the window
 manager are accessible purely from the keyboard: a mouse is entirely
 optional. <em>xmonad</em> is configured in Haskell, and custom layout
 algorithms may be implemented by the user in config files. A principle
 of <em>xmonad</em> is predictability: the user should know in advance
 precisely the window arrangement that will result from any action.</p>
 <p>By default, <em>xmonad</em> provides three layout algorithms: tall,
 wide and fullscreen. In tall or wide mode, windows are tiled and
 arranged to prevent overlap and maximize screen use. Sets of windows are
 grouped together on virtual screens, and each screen retains its own
 layout, which may be reconfigured dynamically. Multiple physical
 monitors are supported via Xinerama, allowing simultaneous display of a
 number of screens.</p>
 <p>By utilizing the expressivity of a modern functional language with a
 rich static type system, <em>xmonad</em> provides a complete, featureful
 window manager in less than 1200 lines of code, with an emphasis on
 correctness and robustness. Internal properties of the window manager
 are checked using a combination of static guarantees provided by the
 type system, and type-based automated testing. A benefit of this is that
 the code is simple to understand, and easy to modify.</p>
 <h1 id="usage">Usage</h1>
-<p><em>xmonad</em> places each window into a “workspace”. Each workspace
+<p><em>xmonad</em> places each window into a “workspace”. Each workspace can have any number of windows, which you can cycle though with mod-j and mod-k. Windows are either displayed full screen, tiled horizontally, or tiled vertically. You can toggle the layout mode with mod-space, which will cycle through the available modes.</p>
-can have any number of windows, which you can cycle though with mod-j
+<p>You can switch to workspace N with mod-N. For example, to switch to workspace 5, you would press mod-5. Similarly, you can move the current window to another workspace with mod-shift-N.</p>
-and mod-k. Windows are either displayed full screen, tiled horizontally,
+<p>When running with multiple monitors (Xinerama), each screen has exactly 1 workspace visible. mod-{w,e,r} switch the focus between screens, while shift-mod-{w,e,r} move the current window to that screen. When <em>xmonad</em> starts, workspace 1 is on screen 1, workspace 2 is on screen 2, etc. When switching workspaces to one that is already visible, the current and visible workspaces are swapped.</p>
 or tiled vertically. You can toggle the layout mode with mod-space,
 which will cycle through the available modes.</p>
 <p>You can switch to workspace N with mod-N. For example, to switch to
 workspace 5, you would press mod-5. Similarly, you can move the current
 window to another workspace with mod-shift-N.</p>
 <p>When running with multiple monitors (Xinerama), each screen has
 exactly 1 workspace visible. mod-{w,e,r} switch the focus between
 screens, while shift-mod-{w,e,r} move the current window to that screen.
 When <em>xmonad</em> starts, workspace 1 is on screen 1, workspace 2 is
 on screen 2, etc. When switching workspaces to one that is already
 visible, the current and visible workspaces are swapped.</p>
 <h2 id="flags">Flags</h2>
-<p>xmonad has several flags which you may pass to the executable. These
+<p>xmonad has several flags which you may pass to the executable. These flags are:</p>
 flags are:</p>
 <dl>
 <dt>–recompile</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Recompiles your configuration in <em>~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs</em>
 Recompiles your <em>xmonad.hs</em> configuration
 </dd>
 <dt>–restart</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Causes the currently running <em>xmonad</em> process to restart
 Causes the currently running <em>xmonad</em> process to restart
 </dd>
 <dt>–replace</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Replace the current window manager with xmonad
 Replace the current window manager with xmonad
 </dd>
 <dt>–version</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Display version of <em>xmonad</em>
 Display version of <em>xmonad</em>
 </dd>
 <dt>–verbose-version</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Display detailed version of <em>xmonad</em>
 Display detailed version of <em>xmonad</em>
 </dd>
 </dl>
-<h2 id="default-keyboard-bindings">Default keyboard bindings</h2>
+<p>##Default keyboard bindings</p>
 <dl>
 <dt>mod-shift-return</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Launch terminal
 Launch terminal
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-p</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Launch dmenu
 Launch dmenu
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-p</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Launch gmrun
 Launch gmrun
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-c</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Close the focused window
 Close the focused window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-space</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Rotate through the available layout algorithms
 Rotate through the available layout algorithms
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-space</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Reset the layouts on the current workspace to default
 Reset the layouts on the current workspace to default
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-n</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Resize viewed windows to the correct size
 Resize viewed windows to the correct size
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-tab</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move focus to the next window
 Move focus to the next window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-tab</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move focus to the previous window
 Move focus to the previous window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-j</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move focus to the next window
 Move focus to the next window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-k</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move focus to the previous window
 Move focus to the previous window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-m</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move focus to the master window
 Move focus to the master window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-return</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Swap the focused window and the master window
 Swap the focused window and the master window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-j</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Swap the focused window with the next window
 Swap the focused window with the next window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-k</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Swap the focused window with the previous window
 Swap the focused window with the previous window
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-h</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Shrink the master area
 Shrink the master area
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-l</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Expand the master area
 Expand the master area
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-t</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Push window back into tiling
 Push window back into tiling
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-comma</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Increment the number of windows in the master area
 Increment the number of windows in the master area
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-period</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
 Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-q</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Quit xmonad
 Quit xmonad
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-q</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Restart xmonad
 Restart xmonad
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-slash</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for beginners)
 Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for
 beginners)
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-question</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for beginners)
 Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for
 beginners)
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-[1..9]</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Switch to workspace N
 Switch to workspace N
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-[1..9]</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move client to workspace N
 Move client to workspace N
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-{w,e,r}</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Switch to physical/Xinerama screens 1, 2, or 3
 Switch to physical/Xinerama screens 1, 2, or 3
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-shift-{w,e,r}</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Move client to screen 1, 2, or 3
 Move client to screen 1, 2, or 3
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-button1</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
 Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-button2</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Raise the window to the top of the stack
 Raise the window to the top of the stack
 </dd>
 <dt>mod-button3</dt>
-<dd>
+<dd>Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
 Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
 </dd>
 </dl>
 <h1 id="examples">Examples</h1>
-<p>To use xmonad as your window manager add to your <em>~/.xinitrc</em>
+<p>To use xmonad as your window manager add to your <em>~/.xinitrc</em> file:</p>
 file:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <p>exec xmonad</p>
 </blockquote>
 <h1 id="customization">Customization</h1>
-<p>xmonad is customized in your <em>xmonad.hs</em>, and then restarted
+<p>xmonad is customized in ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs, and then restarted with mod-q.</p>
-with mod-q. You can choose where your configuration file lives by</p>
+<p>You can find many extensions to the core feature set in the xmonad- contrib package, available through your package manager or from <a href="http://xmonad.org">xmonad.org</a>.</p>
 <ol type="1">
 <li>Setting <code>XMONAD_DATA_DIR,</code>
 <code>XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR</code>, and <code>XMONAD_CACHE_DIR</code>;
 <em>xmonad.hs</em> is then expected to be in
 <code>XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR</code>.</li>
 <li>Creating <em>xmonad.hs</em> in <em>~/.xmonad</em>.</li>
 <li>Creating <em>xmonad.hs</em> in <code>XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code>. Note
 that, in this case, xmonad will use <code>XDG_DATA_HOME</code> and
 <code>XDG_CACHE_HOME</code> for its data and cache directory
 respectively.</li>
 </ol>
 <p>You can find many extensions to the core feature set in the xmonad-
 contrib package, available through your package manager or from <a
 href="https://xmonad.org">xmonad.org</a>.</p>
 <h2 id="modular-configuration">Modular Configuration</h2>
-<p>As of <em>xmonad-0.9</em>, any additional Haskell modules may be
+<p>As of <em>xmonad-0.9</em>, any additional Haskell modules may be placed in <em>~/.xmonad/lib/</em> are available in GHC’s searchpath. Hierarchical modules are supported: for example, the file <em>~/.xmonad/lib/XMonad/Stack/MyAdditions.hs</em> could contain:</p>
-placed in <em>~/.xmonad/lib/</em> are available in GHC’s searchpath.
+<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode haskell"><code class="sourceCode haskell"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">module</span> <span class="dt">XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions</span> (function1) <span class="kw">where</span></a>
-Hierarchical modules are supported: for example, the file
+<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-2" data-line-number="2">  function1 <span class="fu">=</span> error <span class="st">&quot;function1: Not implemented yet!&quot;</span></a></code></pre></div>
-<em>~/.xmonad/lib/XMonad/Stack/MyAdditions.hs</em> could contain:</p>
+<p>Your xmonad.hs may then import XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions as if that module was contained within xmonad or xmonad-contrib.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
 class="sourceCode haskell"><code class="sourceCode haskell"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">module</span> <span class="dt">XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions</span> (function1) <span class="kw">where</span></span>
 <span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  function1 <span class="ot">=</span> <span class="fu">error</span> <span class="st">&quot;function1: Not implemented yet!&quot;</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p>Your xmonad.hs may then import XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions as if that
 module was contained within xmonad or xmonad-contrib.</p>
 <h1 id="bugs">Bugs</h1>
-<p>Probably. If you find any, please report them to the <a
+<p>Probably. If you find any, please report them to the <a href="https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues">bugtracker</a></p>
 href="https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues">bugtracker</a></p>
 </body>
 </html>
--- a/man/xmonad.1.markdown
+++ b/man/xmonad.1.markdown
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 % XMONAD(1) Tiling Window Manager
 %
-% 27 October 2021
+% 20 August 2018
 # Name
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ xmonad  has  several flags which  you may pass to the executable.
 These flags are:
 --recompile
-:   Recompiles your _xmonad.hs_ configuration
+:   Recompiles your configuration in _~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs_
 --restart
 :   Causes the currently running _xmonad_ process to restart
@ -72,100 +72,9 @@ These flags are:
 --verbose-version
 :   Display detailed version of _xmonad_
-## Default keyboard bindings
+##Default keyboard bindings
-mod-shift-return
+___KEYBINDINGS___
 :     Launch terminal
 mod-p
 :     Launch dmenu
 mod-shift-p
 :     Launch gmrun
 mod-shift-c
 :     Close the focused window
 mod-space
 :     Rotate through the available layout algorithms
 mod-shift-space
 :     Reset the layouts on the current workspace to default
 mod-n
 :     Resize viewed windows to the correct size
 mod-tab
 :     Move focus to the next window
 mod-shift-tab
 :     Move focus to the previous window
 mod-j
 :     Move focus to the next window
 mod-k
 :     Move focus to the previous window
 mod-m
 :     Move focus to the master window
 mod-return
 :     Swap the focused window and the master window
 mod-shift-j
 :     Swap the focused window with the next window
 mod-shift-k
 :     Swap the focused window with the previous window
 mod-h
 :     Shrink the master area
 mod-l
 :     Expand the master area
 mod-t
 :     Push window back into tiling
 mod-comma
 :     Increment the number of windows in the master area
 mod-period
 :     Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
 mod-shift-q
 :     Quit xmonad
 mod-q
 :     Restart xmonad
 mod-shift-slash
 :     Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for beginners)
 mod-question
 :     Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for beginners)
 mod-[1..9]
 :     Switch to workspace N
 mod-shift-[1..9]
 :     Move client to workspace N
 mod-{w,e,r}
 :     Switch to physical/Xinerama screens 1, 2, or 3
 mod-shift-{w,e,r}
 :     Move client to screen 1, 2, or 3
 mod-button1
 :     Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
 mod-button2
 :     Raise the window to the top of the stack
 mod-button3
 :     Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
 # Examples
@ -174,16 +83,8 @@ To use xmonad as your window manager add to your _~/.xinitrc_ file:
 > exec xmonad
 # Customization
-xmonad is customized in your _xmonad.hs_, and then restarted with mod-q.
+xmonad is customized in ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs, and then restarted
-You can choose where your configuration file lives by
+with mod-q.
  1. Setting `XMONAD_DATA_DIR,` `XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR`, and
     `XMONAD_CACHE_DIR`; _xmonad.hs_ is then expected to be in
     `XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR`.
  2. Creating _xmonad.hs_ in _~/.xmonad_.
  3. Creating _xmonad.hs_ in `XDG_CONFIG_HOME`.  Note that, in this
     case, xmonad will use `XDG_DATA_HOME` and `XDG_CACHE_HOME` for its
     data and cache directory respectively.
 You can find many extensions to the core feature set in the xmonad-
 contrib package, available through your  package  manager  or  from
@ -206,5 +107,5 @@ module was contained within xmonad or xmonad-contrib.
 # Bugs
 Probably. If you find any, please report them to the [bugtracker]
-[xmonad.org]: https://xmonad.org
+[xmonad.org]: http://xmonad.org
 [bugtracker]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues
--- a/man/xmonad.1.markdown.in
+++ b/man/xmonad.1.markdown.in
@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
 % XMONAD(1) Tiling Window Manager
 %
 % 27 October 2021
 # Name
 xmonad - Tiling Window Manager
 # Description
 _xmonad_ is a minimalist tiling window manager for X, written in Haskell.
 Windows are managed using automatic layout algorithms, which can be
 dynamically reconfigured. At any time windows are arranged so as to
 maximize the use of screen real estate. All features of the window manager
 are accessible purely from the keyboard: a mouse is entirely optional.
 _xmonad_ is configured in Haskell, and custom layout algorithms may be
 implemented by the user in config files. A principle of _xmonad_ is
 predictability: the user should know in advance precisely the window
 arrangement that will result from any action.
 By default, _xmonad_ provides three layout algorithms: tall, wide and
 fullscreen. In tall or wide mode, windows are tiled and arranged to prevent
 overlap and maximize screen use. Sets of windows are grouped together on
 virtual screens, and each screen retains its own layout, which may be
 reconfigured dynamically. Multiple physical monitors are supported via
 Xinerama, allowing simultaneous display of a number of screens.
 By utilizing the expressivity of a modern functional language with a rich
 static type system, _xmonad_ provides a complete, featureful window manager
 in less than 1200 lines of code, with an emphasis on correctness and
 robustness. Internal properties of the window manager are checked using a
 combination of static guarantees provided by the type system, and
 type-based automated testing. A benefit of this is that the code is simple
 to understand, and easy to modify.
 # Usage
 _xmonad_ places each window into a "workspace". Each workspace can have
 any number of windows, which you can cycle though with mod-j and mod-k.
 Windows are either displayed full screen, tiled horizontally, or tiled
 vertically. You can toggle the layout mode with mod-space, which will cycle
 through the available modes.
 You can switch to workspace N with mod-N. For example, to switch to
 workspace 5, you would press mod-5. Similarly, you can move the current
 window to another workspace with mod-shift-N.
 When running with multiple monitors (Xinerama), each screen has exactly 1
 workspace visible. mod-{w,e,r} switch the focus between screens, while
 shift-mod-{w,e,r} move the current window to that screen. When _xmonad_
 starts, workspace 1 is on screen 1, workspace 2 is on screen 2, etc. When
 switching workspaces to one that is already visible, the current and
 visible workspaces are swapped.
 ## Flags
 xmonad  has  several flags which  you may pass to the executable.
 These flags are:
 --recompile
 :   Recompiles your _xmonad.hs_ configuration
 --restart
 :   Causes the currently running _xmonad_ process to restart
 --replace
 :   Replace the current window manager with xmonad
 --version
 :   Display version of _xmonad_
 --verbose-version
 :   Display detailed version of _xmonad_
 ## Default keyboard bindings
 ___KEYBINDINGS___
 # Examples
 To use xmonad as your window manager add to your _~/.xinitrc_ file:
 > exec xmonad
 # Customization
 xmonad is customized in your _xmonad.hs_, and then restarted with mod-q.
 You can choose where your configuration file lives by
  1. Setting `XMONAD_DATA_DIR,` `XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR`, and
     `XMONAD_CACHE_DIR`; _xmonad.hs_ is then expected to be in
     `XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR`.
  2. Creating _xmonad.hs_ in _~/.xmonad_.
  3. Creating _xmonad.hs_ in `XDG_CONFIG_HOME`.  Note that, in this
     case, xmonad will use `XDG_DATA_HOME` and `XDG_CACHE_HOME` for its
     data and cache directory respectively.
 You can find many extensions to the core feature set in the xmonad-
 contrib package, available through your  package  manager  or  from
 [xmonad.org].
 ## Modular Configuration
 As of _xmonad-0.9_, any additional Haskell modules may be placed in
 _~/.xmonad/lib/_ are available in GHC's searchpath. Hierarchical modules
 are supported: for example, the file
 _~/.xmonad/lib/XMonad/Stack/MyAdditions.hs_ could contain:
 ```haskell
 module XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions (function1) where
  function1 = error "function1: Not implemented yet!"
 ```
 Your xmonad.hs may then import XMonad.Stack.MyAdditions as if that
 module was contained within xmonad or xmonad-contrib.
 # Bugs
 Probably. If you find any, please report them to the [bugtracker]
 [xmonad.org]: https://xmonad.org
 [bugtracker]: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues
--- a/man/xmonad.hs
+++ b/man/xmonad.hs
@ -123,13 +123,13 @@ myKeys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $
    -- , ((modm              , xK_b     ), sendMessage ToggleStruts)
    -- Quit xmonad
-    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_q     ), io exitSuccess)
+    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_q     ), io (exitWith ExitSuccess))
    -- Restart xmonad
    , ((modm              , xK_q     ), spawn "xmonad --recompile; xmonad --restart")
    -- Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for beginners)
-    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_slash ), xmessage help)
+    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_slash ), spawn ("echo \"" ++ help ++ "\" | xmessage -file -"))
    ]
    ++
@ -154,18 +154,18 @@ myKeys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- Mouse bindings: default actions bound to mouse events
 --
-myMouseBindings (XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList
+myMouseBindings (XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $
    -- mod-button1, Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
-    [ ((modm, button1), \w -> focus w >> mouseMoveWindow w
+    [ ((modm, button1), (\w -> focus w >> mouseMoveWindow w
-                                      >> windows W.shiftMaster)
+                                       >> windows W.shiftMaster))
    -- mod-button2, Raise the window to the top of the stack
-    , ((modm, button2), \w -> focus w >> windows W.shiftMaster)
+    , ((modm, button2), (\w -> focus w >> windows W.shiftMaster))
    -- mod-button3, Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
-    , ((modm, button3), \w -> focus w >> mouseResizeWindow w
+    , ((modm, button3), (\w -> focus w >> mouseResizeWindow w
-                                      >> windows W.shiftMaster)
+                                       >> windows W.shiftMaster))
    -- you may also bind events to the mouse scroll wheel (button4 and button5)
    ]
@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ help = unlines ["The default modifier key is 'alt'. Default keybindings:",
    "mod-Space        Rotate through the available layout algorithms",
    "mod-Shift-Space  Reset the layouts on the current workSpace to default",
    "mod-n            Resize/refresh viewed windows to the correct size",
    "mod-Shift-/      Show this help message with the default keybindings",
    "",
    "-- move focus up or down the window stack",
    "mod-Tab        Move focus to the next window",
--- a/src/XMonad/Config.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/Config.hs
@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 {-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-missing-signatures -fno-warn-orphans #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE TypeOperators #-}
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
 -- Module      :  XMonad.Config
@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ import XMonad.Operations
 import XMonad.ManageHook
 import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
 import Data.Bits ((.|.))
-import Data.Default.Class
+import Data.Default
 import Data.Monoid
 import qualified Data.Map as M
 import System.Exit
@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ keys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modMask}) = M.fromList $
    , ((modMask              , xK_period), sendMessage (IncMasterN (-1))) -- %! Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
    -- quit, or restart
-    , ((modMask .|. shiftMask, xK_q     ), io exitSuccess) -- %! Quit xmonad
+    , ((modMask .|. shiftMask, xK_q     ), io (exitWith ExitSuccess)) -- %! Quit xmonad
    , ((modMask              , xK_q     ), spawn "if type xmonad; then xmonad --recompile && xmonad --restart; else xmessage xmonad not in \\$PATH: \"$PATH\"; fi") -- %! Restart xmonad
    , ((modMask .|. shiftMask, xK_slash ), helpCommand) -- %! Run xmessage with a summary of the default keybindings (useful for beginners)
@ -240,7 +239,7 @@ keys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modMask}) = M.fromList $
        , (f, m) <- [(W.view, 0), (W.shift, shiftMask)]]
  where
    helpCommand :: X ()
-    helpCommand = xmessage help
+    helpCommand = spawn ("echo " ++ show help ++ " | xmessage -file -")
 -- | Mouse bindings: default actions bound to mouse events
 mouseBindings :: XConfig Layout -> M.Map (KeyMask, Button) (Window -> X ())
@ -278,7 +277,6 @@ instance (a ~ Choose Tall (Choose (Mirror Tall) Full)) => Default (XConfig a) wh
    , XMonad.handleExtraArgs = \ xs theConf -> case xs of
                [] -> return theConf
                _ -> fail ("unrecognized flags:" ++ show xs)
    , XMonad.extensibleConf     = M.empty
    }
 -- | The default set of configuration values itself
@ -298,7 +296,6 @@ help = unlines ["The default modifier key is 'alt'. Default keybindings:",
    "mod-Space        Rotate through the available layout algorithms",
    "mod-Shift-Space  Reset the layouts on the current workSpace to default",
    "mod-n            Resize/refresh viewed windows to the correct size",
    "mod-Shift-/      Show this help message with the default keybindings",
    "",
    "-- move focus up or down the window stack",
    "mod-Tab        Move focus to the next window",
--- a/src/XMonad/Core.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/Core.hs
@ -1,14 +1,5 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE ExistentialQuantification, FlexibleInstances, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving,
-{-# LANGUAGE DeriveTraversable #-}
+             MultiParamTypeClasses, TypeSynonymInstances, DeriveDataTypeable #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE ExistentialQuantification #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE LambdaCase #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE NamedFieldPuns #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DerivingVia #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE ViewPatterns #-}
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
@ -31,33 +22,26 @@ module XMonad.Core (
    XConf(..), XConfig(..), LayoutClass(..),
    Layout(..), readsLayout, Typeable, Message,
    SomeMessage(..), fromMessage, LayoutMessages(..),
-    StateExtension(..), ExtensionClass(..), ConfExtension(..),
+    StateExtension(..), ExtensionClass(..),
    runX, catchX, userCode, userCodeDef, io, catchIO, installSignalHandlers, uninstallSignalHandlers,
    withDisplay, withWindowSet, isRoot, runOnWorkspaces,
-    getAtom, spawn, spawnPID, xfork, xmessage, recompile, trace, whenJust, whenX, ifM,
+    getAtom, spawn, spawnPID, xfork, recompile, trace, whenJust, whenX,
-    getXMonadDir, getXMonadCacheDir, getXMonadDataDir, stateFileName, binFileName,
+    getXMonadDir, getXMonadCacheDir, getXMonadDataDir, stateFileName,
    atom_WM_STATE, atom_WM_PROTOCOLS, atom_WM_DELETE_WINDOW, atom_WM_TAKE_FOCUS, withWindowAttributes,
-    ManageHook, Query(..), runQuery, Directories'(..), Directories, getDirectories,
+    ManageHook, Query(..), runQuery
  ) where
 import XMonad.StackSet hiding (modify)
 import Prelude
-import Control.Exception (fromException, try, bracket_, throw, finally, SomeException(..))
+import Control.Exception.Extensible (fromException, try, bracket, throw, finally, SomeException(..))
-import qualified Control.Exception as E
+import qualified Control.Exception.Extensible as E
-import Control.Applicative ((<|>), empty)
+import Control.Applicative(Applicative, pure, (<$>), (<*>))
 import Control.Monad.Fail
 import Control.Monad.Fix (fix)
 import Control.Monad.State
 import Control.Monad.Reader
 import Control.Monad (filterM, guard, void, when)
 import Data.Char (isSpace)
 import Data.Semigroup
-import Data.Traversable (for)
+import Data.Default
 import Data.Time.Clock (UTCTime)
 import Data.Default.Class
 import System.Environment (lookupEnv)
 import Data.List (isInfixOf, intercalate, (\\))
 import System.FilePath
 import System.IO
 import System.Info
@ -72,8 +56,10 @@ import System.Exit
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib.Extras (getWindowAttributes, WindowAttributes, Event)
 import Data.Typeable
 import Data.List ((\\))
 import Data.Maybe (isJust,fromMaybe)
-import Data.Monoid (Ap(..))
+import Data.Monoid hiding ((<>))
 import System.Environment (lookupEnv)
 import qualified Data.Map as M
 import qualified Data.Set as S
@ -107,8 +93,8 @@ data XConf = XConf
    , mousePosition :: !(Maybe (Position, Position))
                                      -- ^ position of the mouse according to
                                      -- the event currently being processed
-    , currentEvent :: !(Maybe Event)  -- ^ event currently being processed
+    , currentEvent :: !(Maybe Event)
-    , directories  :: !Directories    -- ^ directories to use
+                                      -- ^ event currently being processed
    }
 -- todo, better name
@ -136,11 +122,6 @@ data XConfig l = XConfig
    , rootMask           :: !EventMask           -- ^ The root events that xmonad is interested in
    , handleExtraArgs    :: !([String] -> XConfig Layout -> IO (XConfig Layout))
                                                 -- ^ Modify the configuration, complain about extra arguments etc. with arguments that are not handled by default
    , extensibleConf     :: !(M.Map TypeRep ConfExtension)
                                                 -- ^ Stores custom config information.
                                                 --
                                                 -- The module "XMonad.Util.ExtensibleConf" in xmonad-contrib
                                                 -- provides additional information and a simple interface for using this.
    }
@ -154,8 +135,7 @@ type WorkspaceId = String
 newtype ScreenId    = S Int deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Enum,Num,Integral,Real)
 -- | The 'Rectangle' with screen dimensions
-newtype ScreenDetail = SD { screenRect :: Rectangle }
+data ScreenDetail   = SD { screenRect :: !Rectangle } deriving (Eq,Show, Read)
    deriving (Eq,Show, Read)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ -168,8 +148,18 @@ newtype ScreenDetail = SD { screenRect :: Rectangle }
 -- instantiated on 'XConf' and 'XState' automatically.
 --
 newtype X a = X (ReaderT XConf (StateT XState IO) a)
-    deriving (Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadFail, MonadIO, MonadState XState, MonadReader XConf)
+    deriving (Functor, Monad, MonadFail, MonadIO, MonadState XState, MonadReader XConf, Typeable)
-    deriving (Semigroup, Monoid) via Ap X a
+
 instance Applicative X where
  pure = return
  (<*>) = ap
 instance Semigroup a => Semigroup (X a) where
    (<>) = liftM2 (<>)
 instance (Monoid a) => Monoid (X a) where
    mempty  = return mempty
    mappend = liftM2 mappend
 instance Default a => Default (X a) where
    def = return def
@ -177,10 +167,16 @@ instance Default a => Default (X a) where
 type ManageHook = Query (Endo WindowSet)
 newtype Query a = Query (ReaderT Window X a)
    deriving (Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadReader Window, MonadIO)
    deriving (Semigroup, Monoid) via Ap Query a
 runQuery :: Query a -> Window -> X a
-runQuery (Query m) = runReaderT m
+runQuery (Query m) w = runReaderT m w
 instance Semigroup a => Semigroup (Query a) where
    (<>) = liftM2 (<>)
 instance Monoid a => Monoid (Query a) where
    mempty  = return mempty
    mappend = liftM2 mappend
 instance Default a => Default (Query a) where
    def = return def
@ -197,7 +193,7 @@ catchX job errcase = do
    st <- get
    c <- ask
    (a, s') <- io $ runX c st job `E.catch` \e -> case fromException e of
-                        Just (_ :: ExitCode) -> throw e
+                        Just x -> throw e `const` (x `asTypeOf` ExitSuccess)
                        _ -> do hPrint stderr e; runX c st errcase
    put s'
    return a
@ -205,12 +201,12 @@ catchX job errcase = do
 -- | Execute the argument, catching all exceptions.  Either this function or
 -- 'catchX' should be used at all callsites of user customized code.
 userCode :: X a -> X (Maybe a)
-userCode a = catchX (Just <$> a) (return Nothing)
+userCode a = catchX (Just `liftM` a) (return Nothing)
 -- | Same as userCode but with a default argument to return instead of using
 -- Maybe, provided for convenience.
 userCodeDef :: a -> X a -> X a
-userCodeDef defValue a = fromMaybe defValue <$> userCode a
+userCodeDef defValue a = fromMaybe defValue `liftM` userCode a
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- Convenient wrappers to state
@ -231,7 +227,7 @@ withWindowAttributes dpy win f = do
 -- | True if the given window is the root window
 isRoot :: Window -> X Bool
-isRoot w = asks $ (w ==) . theRoot
+isRoot w = (w==) <$> asks theRoot
 -- | Wrapper for the common case of atom internment
 getAtom :: String -> X Atom
@ -259,18 +255,14 @@ readsLayout (Layout l) s = [(Layout (asTypeOf x l), rs) | (x, rs) <- reads s]
 -- | Every layout must be an instance of 'LayoutClass', which defines
 -- the basic layout operations along with a sensible default for each.
 --
-- All of the methods have default implementations, so there is no
+-- Minimal complete definition:
 -- minimal complete definition.  They do, however, have a dependency
 -- structure by default; this is something to be aware of should you
 -- choose to implement one of these methods.  Here is how a minimal
 -- complete definition would look like if we did not provide any default
 -- implementations:
 --
-- * 'runLayout' || (('doLayout' || 'pureLayout') && 'emptyLayout')
+-- * 'runLayout' || (('doLayout' || 'pureLayout') && 'emptyLayout'), and
 --
 -- * 'handleMessage' || 'pureMessage'
 --
-- * 'description'
+-- You should also strongly consider implementing 'description',
 -- although it is not required.
 --
 -- Note that any code which /uses/ 'LayoutClass' methods should only
 -- ever call 'runLayout', 'handleMessage', and 'description'!  In
@ -279,7 +271,7 @@ readsLayout (Layout l) s = [(Layout (asTypeOf x l), rs) | (x, rs) <- reads s]
 -- 'runLayout', 'handleMessage', and so on.  This ensures that the
 -- proper methods will be used, regardless of the particular methods
 -- that any 'LayoutClass' instance chooses to define.
-class (Show (layout a), Typeable layout) => LayoutClass layout a where
+class Show (layout a) => LayoutClass layout a where
    -- | By default, 'runLayout' calls 'doLayout' if there are any
    --   windows to be laid out, and 'emptyLayout' otherwise.  Most
@ -381,12 +373,12 @@ instance Message Event
 -- layouts) should consider handling.
 data LayoutMessages = Hide              -- ^ sent when a layout becomes non-visible
                    | ReleaseResources  -- ^ sent when xmonad is exiting or restarting
-    deriving Eq
+    deriving (Typeable, Eq)
 instance Message LayoutMessages
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Extensible state/config
+-- Extensible state
 --
 -- | Every module must make the data it wants to store
@ -394,7 +386,6 @@ instance Message LayoutMessages
 --
 -- Minimal complete definition: initialValue
 class Typeable a => ExtensionClass a where
    {-# MINIMAL initialValue #-}
    -- | Defines an initial value for the state extension
    initialValue :: a
    -- | Specifies whether the state extension should be
@ -413,17 +404,10 @@ data StateExtension =
  | forall a. (Read a, Show a, ExtensionClass a) => PersistentExtension a
    -- ^ Persistent extension
 -- | Existential type to store a config extension.
 data ConfExtension = forall a. Typeable a => ConfExtension a
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- General utilities
+-- | General utilities
-
+--
-- | If-then-else lifted to a 'Monad'.
+-- Lift an 'IO' action into the 'X' monad
 ifM :: Monad m => m Bool -> m a -> m a -> m a
 ifM mb t f = mb >>= \b -> if b then t else f
 -- | Lift an 'IO' action into the 'X' monad
 io :: MonadIO m => IO a -> m a
 io = liftIO
@ -437,7 +421,7 @@ catchIO f = io (f `E.catch` \(SomeException e) -> hPrint stderr e >> hFlush stde
 --
 -- Note this function assumes your locale uses utf8.
 spawn :: MonadIO m => String -> m ()
-spawn x = void $ spawnPID x
+spawn x = spawnPID x >> return ()
 -- | Like 'spawn', but returns the 'ProcessID' of the launched application
 spawnPID :: MonadIO m => String -> m ProcessID
@ -451,25 +435,10 @@ xfork x = io . forkProcess . finally nullStdin $ do
                x
 where
    nullStdin = do
 #if MIN_VERSION_unix(2,8,0)
        fd <- openFd "/dev/null" ReadOnly defaultFileFlags
 #else
        fd <- openFd "/dev/null" ReadOnly Nothing defaultFileFlags
 #endif
        dupTo fd stdInput
        closeFd fd
 -- | Use @xmessage@ to show information to the user.
 xmessage :: MonadIO m => String -> m ()
 xmessage msg = void . xfork $ do
    xmessageBin <- fromMaybe "xmessage" <$> liftIO (lookupEnv "XMONAD_XMESSAGE")
    executeFile xmessageBin True
        [ "-default", "okay"
        , "-xrm", "*international:true"
        , "-xrm", "*fontSet:-*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-18-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,-*-fixed-*-*-*-*-18-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,-*-*-*-*-*-*-18-*-*-*-*-*-*-*"
        , msg
        ] Nothing
 -- | This is basically a map function, running a function in the 'X' monad on
 -- each workspace with the output of that function being the modified workspace.
 runOnWorkspaces :: (WindowSpace -> X WindowSpace) -> X ()
@ -480,361 +449,137 @@ runOnWorkspaces job = do
             $ current ws : visible ws
    modify $ \s -> s { windowset = ws { current = c, visible = v, hidden = h } }
-- | All the directories that xmonad will use.  They will be used for
+-- | Return the path to the xmonad configuration directory.  This
-- the following purposes:
+-- directory is where user configuration files are stored (e.g, the
 -- xmonad.hs file).  You may also create a @lib@ subdirectory in the
 -- configuration directory and the default recompile command will add
 -- it to the GHC include path.
 --
-- * @dataDir@: This directory is used by XMonad to store data files
+-- Several directories are considered.  In order of
-- such as the run-time state file.
+-- preference:
 --
-- * @cfgDir@: This directory is where user configuration files are
+--   1. The directory specified in the @XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR@ environment variable.
-- stored (e.g, the xmonad.hs file).  You may also create a @lib@
+--   2. The @~\/.xmonad@ directory.
-- subdirectory in the configuration directory and the default recompile
+--   3. The @XDG_CONFIG_HOME/xmonad@ directory.
 -- command will add it to the GHC include path.
 --
-- * @cacheDir@: This directory is used to store temporary files that
+-- The first directory that exists will be used.  If none of the
-- can easily be recreated such as the configuration binary and any
+-- directories exist then (1) will be used if it is set, otherwise (2)
-- intermediate object files generated by GHC.
+-- will be used.  Either way, a directory will be created if necessary.
-- Also, the XPrompt history file goes here.
+getXMonadDir :: MonadIO m => m String
--
+getXMonadDir =
-- For how these directories are chosen, see 'getDirectories'.
+    findFirstDirWithEnv "XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR"
--
+      [ getAppUserDataDirectory "xmonad"
-data Directories' a = Directories
+      , getXDGDirectory XDGConfig "xmonad"
-    { dataDir  :: !a
+      ]
    , cfgDir   :: !a
    , cacheDir :: !a
    }
    deriving (Show, Functor, Foldable, Traversable)
-- | Convenient type alias for the most common case in which one might
+-- | Return the path to the xmonad cache directory.  This directory is
-- want to use the 'Directories' type.
+-- used to store temporary files that can easily be recreated.  For
-type Directories = Directories' FilePath
+-- example, the XPrompt history file.
 --
 -- Several directories are considered.  In order of preference:
 --
 --   1. The directory specified in the @XMONAD_CACHE_DIR@ environment variable.
 --   2. The @~\/.xmonad@ directory.
 --   3. The @XDG_CACHE_HOME/xmonad@ directory.
 --
 -- The first directory that exists will be used.  If none of the
 -- directories exist then (1) will be used if it is set, otherwise (2)
 -- will be used.  Either way, a directory will be created if necessary.
 getXMonadCacheDir :: MonadIO m => m String
 getXMonadCacheDir =
    findFirstDirWithEnv "XMONAD_CACHE_DIR"
      [ getAppUserDataDirectory "xmonad"
      , getXDGDirectory XDGCache "xmonad"
      ]
-- | Build up the 'Dirs' that xmonad will use.  They are chosen as
+-- | Return the path to the xmonad data directory.  This directory is
-- follows:
+-- used by XMonad to store data files such as the run-time state file
 -- and the configuration binary generated by GHC.
 --
-- 1. If all three of xmonad's environment variables (@XMONAD_DATA_DIR@,
+-- Several directories are considered.  In order of preference:
 --    @XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR@, and @XMONAD_CACHE_DIR@) are set, use them.
 -- 2. If there is a build script called @build@ or configuration
 --    @xmonad.hs@ in @~\/.xmonad@, set all three directories to
 --    @~\/.xmonad@.
 -- 3. Otherwise, use the @xmonad@ directory in @XDG_DATA_HOME@,
 --    @XDG_CONFIG_HOME@, and @XDG_CACHE_HOME@ (or their respective
 --    fallbacks).  These directories are created if necessary.
 --
-- The xmonad configuration file (or the build script, if present) is
+--   1. The directory specified in the @XMONAD_DATA_DIR@ environment variable.
-- always assumed to be in @cfgDir@.
+--   2. The @~\/.xmonad@ directory.
 --   3. The @XDG_DATA_HOME/xmonad@ directory.
 --
-getDirectories :: IO Directories
+-- The first directory that exists will be used.  If none of the
-getDirectories = xmEnvDirs <|> xmDirs <|> xdgDirs
+-- directories exist then (1) will be used if it is set, otherwise (2)
 -- will be used.  Either way, a directory will be created if necessary.
 getXMonadDataDir :: MonadIO m => m String
 getXMonadDataDir =
    findFirstDirWithEnv "XMONAD_DATA_DIR"
      [ getAppUserDataDirectory "xmonad"
      , getXDGDirectory XDGData "xmonad"
      ]
 -- | Helper function that will find the first existing directory and
 -- return its path.  If none of the directories can be found, create
 -- and return the first from the list.  If the list is empty this
 -- function returns the historical @~\/.xmonad@ directory.
 findFirstDirOf :: MonadIO m => [IO FilePath] -> m FilePath
 findFirstDirOf []        = findFirstDirOf [getAppUserDataDirectory "xmonad"]
 findFirstDirOf possibles = do
    found <- go possibles
    case found of
      Just path -> return path
      Nothing   -> do
        primary <- io (head possibles)
        io (createDirectoryIfMissing True primary)
        return primary
  where
-    -- | Check for xmonad's environment variables first
+    go []     = return Nothing
-    xmEnvDirs :: IO Directories
+    go (x:xs) = do
-    xmEnvDirs = do
+      dir    <- io x
-        let xmEnvs = Directories{ dataDir  = "XMONAD_DATA_DIR"
+      exists <- io (doesDirectoryExist dir)
-                                , cfgDir   = "XMONAD_CONFIG_DIR"
+      if exists then return (Just dir) else go xs
                                , cacheDir = "XMONAD_CACHE_DIR"
                                }
        maybe empty pure . sequenceA =<< traverse getEnv xmEnvs
-    -- | Check whether the config file or a build script is in the
+-- | Simple wrapper around @findFirstDirOf@ that allows the primary
-    -- @~\/.xmonad@ directory
+-- path to be specified by an environment variable.
-    xmDirs :: IO Directories
+findFirstDirWithEnv :: MonadIO m => String -> [IO FilePath] -> m FilePath
-    xmDirs = do
+findFirstDirWithEnv envName paths = do
-        xmDir <- getAppUserDataDirectory "xmonad"
+    envPath' <- io (getEnv envName)
        conf  <- doesFileExist $ xmDir </> "xmonad.hs"
        build <- doesFileExist $ xmDir </> "build"
-        -- Place *everything* in ~/.xmonad if yes
+    case envPath' of
-        guard $ conf || build
+      Nothing      -> findFirstDirOf paths
-        pure Directories{ dataDir = xmDir, cfgDir = xmDir, cacheDir = xmDir }
+      Just envPath -> findFirstDirOf (return envPath:paths)
-    -- | Use XDG directories as a fallback
+-- | Helper function to retrieve the various XDG directories.
-    xdgDirs :: IO Directories
+-- This has been based on the implementation shipped with GHC version 8.0.1 or
-    xdgDirs =
+-- higher. Put here to preserve compatibility with older GHC versions.
-        for Directories{ dataDir = XdgData, cfgDir = XdgConfig, cacheDir = XdgCache }
+getXDGDirectory :: XDGDirectory -> FilePath -> IO FilePath
-            $ \dir -> do d <- getXdgDirectory dir "xmonad"
+getXDGDirectory xdgDir suffix =
-                         d <$ createDirectoryIfMissing True d
+  normalise . (</> suffix) <$>
-
+  case xdgDir of
-- | Return the path to the xmonad configuration directory.
+    XDGData   -> get "XDG_DATA_HOME"   ".local/share"
-getXMonadDir :: X String
+    XDGConfig -> get "XDG_CONFIG_HOME" ".config"
-getXMonadDir = asks (cfgDir . directories)
+    XDGCache  -> get "XDG_CACHE_HOME"  ".cache"
 {-# DEPRECATED getXMonadDir "Use `asks (cfgDir . directories)' instead." #-}
 -- | Return the path to the xmonad cache directory.
 getXMonadCacheDir :: X String
 getXMonadCacheDir = asks (cacheDir . directories)
 {-# DEPRECATED getXMonadCacheDir "Use `asks (cacheDir . directories)' instead." #-}
 -- | Return the path to the xmonad data directory.
 getXMonadDataDir :: X String
 getXMonadDataDir = asks (dataDir . directories)
 {-# DEPRECATED getXMonadDataDir "Use `asks (dataDir . directories)' instead." #-}
 binFileName, buildDirName :: Directories -> FilePath
 binFileName  Directories{ cacheDir } = cacheDir </> "xmonad-" <> arch <> "-" <> os
 buildDirName Directories{ cacheDir } = cacheDir </> "build-" <> arch <> "-" <> os
 errFileName, stateFileName :: Directories -> FilePath
 errFileName   Directories{ dataDir } = dataDir </> "xmonad.errors"
 stateFileName Directories{ dataDir } = dataDir </> "xmonad.state"
 srcFileName, libFileName :: Directories -> FilePath
 srcFileName Directories{ cfgDir } = cfgDir </> "xmonad.hs"
 libFileName Directories{ cfgDir } = cfgDir </> "lib"
 buildScriptFileName, stackYamlFileName, nixFlakeFileName, nixDefaultFileName :: Directories -> FilePath
 buildScriptFileName Directories{ cfgDir } = cfgDir </> "build"
 stackYamlFileName   Directories{ cfgDir } = cfgDir </> "stack.yaml"
 nixFlakeFileName    Directories{ cfgDir } = cfgDir </> "flake.nix"
 nixDefaultFileName  Directories{ cfgDir } = cfgDir </> "default.nix"
 -- | Compilation method for xmonad configuration.
 data Compile
  = CompileGhc
  | CompileCabal
  | CompileStackGhc FilePath
  | CompileNixFlake
  | CompileNixDefault
  | CompileScript FilePath
    deriving (Show)
 -- | Detect compilation method by looking for known file names in xmonad
 -- configuration directory.
 detectCompile :: Directories -> IO Compile
 detectCompile dirs =
  tryScript <|> tryStack <|> tryNixFlake <|> tryNixDefault <|> tryCabal <|> useGhc
  where
-    buildScript = buildScriptFileName dirs
+    get name fallback = do
-    stackYaml = stackYamlFileName dirs
+      env <- lookupEnv name
-    flakeNix = nixFlakeFileName dirs
+      case env of
-    defaultNix = nixDefaultFileName dirs
+        Nothing -> fallback'
        Just path
          | isRelative path -> fallback'
          | otherwise -> return path
      where
        fallback' = (</> fallback) <$> getHomeDirectory
 data XDGDirectory = XDGData | XDGConfig | XDGCache
-    tryScript = do
+-- | Get the name of the file used to store the xmonad window state.
-        guard =<< doesFileExist buildScript
+stateFileName :: (Functor m, MonadIO m) => m FilePath
-        isExe <- isExecutable buildScript
+stateFileName = (</> "xmonad.state") <$> getXMonadDataDir
        if isExe
          then do
            trace $ "XMonad will use build script at " <> show buildScript <> " to recompile."
            pure $ CompileScript buildScript
          else do
            trace $ "XMonad will not use build script, because " <> show buildScript <> " is not executable."
            trace $ "Suggested resolution to use it: chmod u+x " <> show buildScript
            empty
-    tryNixFlake = do
+-- | 'recompile force', recompile the xmonad configuration file when
-      guard =<< doesFileExist flakeNix
+-- any of the following apply:
      canonNixFlake <- canonicalizePath flakeNix
      trace $ "XMonad will use nix flake at " <> show canonNixFlake <> " to recompile"
      pure CompileNixFlake
    tryNixDefault = do
      guard =<< doesFileExist defaultNix
      canonNixDefault <- canonicalizePath defaultNix
      trace $ "XMonad will use nix file at " <> show canonNixDefault <> " to recompile"
      pure CompileNixDefault
    tryStack = do
        guard =<< doesFileExist stackYaml
        canonStackYaml <- canonicalizePath stackYaml
        trace $ "XMonad will use stack ghc --stack-yaml " <> show canonStackYaml <> " to recompile."
        pure $ CompileStackGhc canonStackYaml
    tryCabal = let cwd = cfgDir dirs in listCabalFiles cwd >>= \ case
        [] -> do
            empty
        [name] -> do
            trace $ "XMonad will use " <> show name <> " to recompile."
            pure CompileCabal
        _ : _ : _ -> do
            trace $ "XMonad will not use cabal, because there are multiple cabal files in " <> show cwd <> "."
            empty
    useGhc = do
        trace $ "XMonad will use ghc to recompile, because none of "
                <> intercalate ", "
                     [ show buildScript
                     , show stackYaml
                     , show flakeNix
                     , show defaultNix
                     ] <> " nor a suitable .cabal file exist."
        pure CompileGhc
 listCabalFiles :: FilePath -> IO [FilePath]
 listCabalFiles dir = map (dir </>) . Prelude.filter isCabalFile <$> listFiles dir
 isCabalFile :: FilePath -> Bool
 isCabalFile file = case splitExtension file of
    (name, ".cabal") -> not (null name)
    _ -> False
 listFiles :: FilePath -> IO [FilePath]
 listFiles dir = getDirectoryContents dir >>= filterM (doesFileExist . (dir </>))
 -- | Determine whether or not the file found at the provided filepath is executable.
 isExecutable :: FilePath -> IO Bool
 isExecutable f = E.catch (executable <$> getPermissions f) (\(SomeException _) -> return False)
 -- | Should we recompile xmonad configuration? Is it newer than the compiled
 -- binary?
 shouldCompile :: Directories -> Compile -> IO Bool
 shouldCompile dirs CompileGhc = do
    libTs <- mapM getModTime . Prelude.filter isSource =<< allFiles (libFileName dirs)
    srcT <- getModTime (srcFileName dirs)
    binT <- getModTime (binFileName dirs)
    if any (binT <) (srcT : libTs)
        then True <$ trace "XMonad recompiling because some files have changed."
        else False <$ trace "XMonad skipping recompile because it is not forced (e.g. via --recompile), and neither xmonad.hs nor any *.hs / *.lhs / *.hsc files in lib/ have been changed."
  where
    isSource = flip elem [".hs",".lhs",".hsc"] . takeExtension
    allFiles t = do
        let prep = map (t</>) . Prelude.filter (`notElem` [".",".."])
        cs <- prep <$> E.catch (getDirectoryContents t) (\(SomeException _) -> return [])
        ds <- filterM doesDirectoryExist cs
        concat . ((cs \\ ds):) <$> mapM allFiles ds
 shouldCompile _ CompileCabal = return True
 shouldCompile dirs CompileStackGhc{} = do
    stackYamlT <- getModTime (stackYamlFileName dirs)
    binT <- getModTime (binFileName dirs)
    if binT < stackYamlT
        then True <$ trace "XMonad recompiling because some files have changed."
        else shouldCompile dirs CompileGhc
 shouldCompile _dirs CompileNixFlake{} = True <$ trace "XMonad recompiling because flake recompilation is being used."
 shouldCompile _dirs CompileNixDefault{} = True <$ trace "XMonad recompiling because nix recompilation is being used."
 shouldCompile _dirs CompileScript{} =
    True <$ trace "XMonad recompiling because a custom build script is being used."
 getModTime :: FilePath -> IO (Maybe UTCTime)
 getModTime f = E.catch (Just <$> getModificationTime f) (\(SomeException _) -> return Nothing)
 -- | Compile the configuration.
 compile :: Directories -> Compile -> IO ExitCode
 compile dirs method =
    bracket_ uninstallSignalHandlers installSignalHandlers $
        withFile (errFileName dirs) WriteMode $ \err -> do
            let run = runProc err
            case method of
                CompileGhc -> do
                    ghc <- fromMaybe "ghc" <$> lookupEnv "XMONAD_GHC"
                    run ghc ghcArgs
                CompileCabal -> run "cabal" ["build"] .&&. copyBinary
                  where
                    copyBinary :: IO ExitCode
                    copyBinary = readProc err "cabal" ["-v0", "list-bin", "."] >>= \ case
                        Left status -> return status
                        Right (trim -> path) -> copyBinaryFrom path
                CompileStackGhc stackYaml ->
                    run "stack" ["build", "--silent", "--stack-yaml", stackYaml] .&&.
                    run "stack" ("ghc" : "--stack-yaml" : stackYaml : "--" : ghcArgs)
                CompileNixFlake ->
                    run "nix" ["build"] >>= andCopyFromResultDir
                CompileNixDefault ->
                    run "nix-build" [] >>= andCopyFromResultDir
                CompileScript script ->
                    run script [binFileName dirs]
  where
    cwd :: FilePath
    cwd = cfgDir dirs
    ghcArgs :: [String]
    ghcArgs = [ "--make"
              , "xmonad.hs"
              , "-i" -- only look in @lib@
              , "-ilib"
              , "-fforce-recomp"
              , "-main-is", "main"
              , "-v0"
              , "-outputdir", buildDirName dirs
              , "-o", binFileName dirs
              ]
    andCopyFromResultDir :: ExitCode -> IO ExitCode
    andCopyFromResultDir exitCode = do
      if exitCode == ExitSuccess then copyFromResultDir else return exitCode
    findM :: (Monad m, Foldable t) => (a -> m Bool) -> t a -> m (Maybe a)
    findM p = foldr (\x -> ifM (p x) (pure $ Just x)) (pure Nothing)
    catchAny :: IO a -> (SomeException -> IO a) -> IO a
    catchAny = E.catch
    copyFromResultDir :: IO ExitCode
    copyFromResultDir = do
      let binaryDirectory = cfgDir dirs </> "result" </> "bin"
      binFiles <- map (binaryDirectory </>) <$> catchAny (listDirectory binaryDirectory) (\_ -> return [])
      mfilepath <- findM isExecutable binFiles
      case mfilepath of
        Just filepath -> copyBinaryFrom filepath
        Nothing -> return $ ExitFailure 1
    copyBinaryFrom :: FilePath -> IO ExitCode
    copyBinaryFrom filepath = copyFile filepath (binFileName dirs) >> return ExitSuccess
    -- waitForProcess =<< System.Process.runProcess, but without closing the err handle
    runProc :: Handle -> String -> [String] -> IO ExitCode
    runProc err exe args = do
        (Nothing, Nothing, Nothing, h) <- createProcess_ "runProc" =<< mkProc err exe args
        waitForProcess h
    readProc :: Handle -> String -> [String] -> IO (Either ExitCode String)
    readProc err exe args = do
        spec <- mkProc err exe args
        (Nothing, Just out, Nothing, h) <- createProcess_ "readProc" spec{ std_out = CreatePipe }
        result <- hGetContents out
        hPutStr err result >> hFlush err
        waitForProcess h >>= \ case
            ExitSuccess -> return $ Right result
            status -> return $ Left status
    mkProc :: Handle -> FilePath -> [FilePath] -> IO CreateProcess
    mkProc err exe args = do
        hPutStrLn err $ unwords $ "$" : exe : args
        hFlush err
        return (proc exe args){ cwd = Just cwd, std_err = UseHandle err }
    (.&&.) :: Monad m => m ExitCode -> m ExitCode -> m ExitCode
    cmd1 .&&. cmd2 = cmd1 >>= \case
        ExitSuccess -> cmd2
        e -> pure e
 -- | Check GHC output for deprecation warnings and notify the user if there
 -- were any. Report success otherwise.
 checkCompileWarnings :: Directories -> IO ()
 checkCompileWarnings dirs = do
    ghcErr <- readFile (errFileName dirs)
    if "-Wdeprecations" `isInfixOf` ghcErr
      then do
        let msg = unlines $
                ["Deprecations detected while compiling xmonad config: " <> srcFileName dirs]
                ++ lines ghcErr
                ++ ["","Please correct them or silence using {-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wno-deprecations #-}."]
        trace msg
        xmessage msg
      else
        trace "XMonad recompilation process exited with success!"
 -- | Notify the user that compilation failed and what was wrong.
 compileFailed :: Directories -> ExitCode -> IO ()
 compileFailed dirs status = do
    ghcErr <- readFile (errFileName dirs)
    let msg = unlines $
            ["Errors detected while compiling xmonad config: " <> srcFileName dirs]
            ++ lines (if null ghcErr then show status else ghcErr)
            ++ ["","Please check the file for errors."]
    -- nb, the ordering of printing, then forking, is crucial due to
    -- lazy evaluation
    trace msg
    xmessage msg
 -- | Recompile the xmonad configuration file when any of the following apply:
 --
--  * force is 'True'
+--      * force is 'True'
 --
--  * the xmonad executable does not exist
+--      * the xmonad executable does not exist
 --
--  * the xmonad executable is older than @xmonad.hs@ or any file in
+--      * the xmonad executable is older than xmonad.hs or any file in
--    the @lib@ directory (under the configuration directory)
+--        the @lib@ directory (under the configuration directory).
 --
 --  * custom @build@ script is being used
 --
 -- The -i flag is used to restrict recompilation to the xmonad.hs file only,
 -- and any files in the aforementioned @lib@ directory.
@ -845,21 +590,106 @@ compileFailed dirs status = do
 --
 -- 'False' is returned if there are compilation errors.
 --
-recompile :: MonadIO m => Directories -> Bool -> m Bool
+recompile :: MonadIO m => Bool -> m Bool
-recompile dirs force = io $ do
+recompile force = io $ do
-    method <- detectCompile dirs
+    cfgdir  <- getXMonadDir
-    willCompile <- if force
+    datadir <- getXMonadDataDir
-        then True <$ trace "XMonad recompiling (forced)."
+    let binn = "xmonad-"++arch++"-"++os
-        else shouldCompile dirs method
+        bin  = datadir </> binn
-    if willCompile
+        err  = datadir </> "xmonad.errors"
        src  = cfgdir </> "xmonad.hs"
        lib  = cfgdir </> "lib"
        buildscript = cfgdir </> "build"
    libTs <- mapM getModTime . Prelude.filter isSource =<< allFiles lib
    srcT <- getModTime src
    binT <- getModTime bin
    useBuildscript <- do
      exists <- doesFileExist buildscript
      if exists
        then do
          isExe <- isExecutable buildscript
          if isExe
            then do
              trace $ "XMonad will use build script at " ++ show buildscript ++ " to recompile."
              return True
            else do
              trace $ unlines
                [ "XMonad will not use build script, because " ++ show buildscript ++ " is not executable."
                , "Suggested resolution to use it: chmod u+x " ++ show buildscript
                ]
              return False
        else do
          trace $
            "XMonad will use ghc to recompile, because " ++ show buildscript ++ " does not exist."
          return False
    shouldRecompile <-
      if useBuildscript || force
        then return True
        else if any (binT <) (srcT : libTs)
          then do
            trace "XMonad doing recompile because some files have changed."
            return True
          else do
            trace "XMonad skipping recompile because it is not forced (e.g. via --recompile), and neither xmonad.hs nor any *.hs / *.lhs / *.hsc files in lib/ have been changed."
            return False
    if shouldRecompile
      then do
-        status <- compile dirs method
+        -- temporarily disable SIGCHLD ignoring:
        uninstallSignalHandlers
        status <- bracket (openFile err WriteMode) hClose $ \errHandle ->
            waitForProcess =<< if useBuildscript
                               then compileScript bin cfgdir buildscript errHandle
                               else compileGHC bin cfgdir errHandle
        -- re-enable SIGCHLD:
        installSignalHandlers
        -- now, if it fails, run xmessage to let the user know:
        if status == ExitSuccess
-            then checkCompileWarnings dirs
+            then trace "XMonad recompilation process exited with success!"
-            else compileFailed dirs status
+            else do
-        pure $ status == ExitSuccess
+                ghcErr <- readFile err
-      else
+                let msg = unlines $
-        pure True
+                        ["Error detected while loading xmonad configuration file: " ++ src]
                        ++ lines (if null ghcErr then show status else ghcErr)
                        ++ ["","Please check the file for errors."]
                -- nb, the ordering of printing, then forking, is crucial due to
                -- lazy evaluation
                hPutStrLn stderr msg
                forkProcess $ executeFile "xmessage" True ["-default", "okay", replaceUnicode msg] Nothing
                return ()
        return (status == ExitSuccess)
      else return True
 where getModTime f = E.catch (Just <$> getModificationTime f) (\(SomeException _) -> return Nothing)
       isSource = flip elem [".hs",".lhs",".hsc"] . takeExtension
       isExecutable f = E.catch (executable <$> getPermissions f) (\(SomeException _) -> return False)
       allFiles t = do
            let prep = map (t</>) . Prelude.filter (`notElem` [".",".."])
            cs <- prep <$> E.catch (getDirectoryContents t) (\(SomeException _) -> return [])
            ds <- filterM doesDirectoryExist cs
            concat . ((cs \\ ds):) <$> mapM allFiles ds
       -- Replace some of the unicode symbols GHC uses in its output
       replaceUnicode = map $ \c -> case c of
           '\8226' -> '*'  -- •
           '\8216' -> '`'  -- ‘
           '\8217' -> '`'  -- ’
           _ -> c
       compileGHC bin dir errHandle =
         runProcess "ghc" ["--make"
                          , "xmonad.hs"
                          , "-i"
                          , "-ilib"
                          , "-fforce-recomp"
                          , "-main-is", "main"
                          , "-v0"
                          , "-o", bin
                          ] (Just dir) Nothing Nothing Nothing (Just errHandle)
       compileScript bin dir script errHandle =
         runProcess script [bin] (Just dir) Nothing Nothing Nothing (Just errHandle)
 -- | Conditionally run an action, using a @Maybe a@ to decide.
 whenJust :: Monad m => Maybe a -> (a -> m ()) -> m ()
@ -891,6 +721,3 @@ uninstallSignalHandlers = io $ do
    installHandler openEndedPipe Default Nothing
    installHandler sigCHLD Default Nothing
    return ()
 trim :: String -> String
 trim = reverse . dropWhile isSpace . reverse . dropWhile isSpace
--- a/src/XMonad/Layout.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/Layout.hs
@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances, MultiParamTypeClasses, PatternGuards, TypeSynonymInstances, DeriveDataTypeable #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE PatternGuards #-}
 -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
@ -10,7 +8,7 @@
 --
 -- Maintainer  :  spencerjanssen@gmail.com
 -- Stability   :  unstable
-- Portability :  not portable, mtl, posix
+-- Portability :  not portable, Typeable deriving, mtl, posix
 --
 -- The collection of core layouts.
 --
@ -18,7 +16,7 @@
 module XMonad.Layout (
    Full(..), Tall(..), Mirror(..),
-    Resize(..), IncMasterN(..), Choose(..), (|||), CLR(..), ChangeLayout(..), JumpToLayout(..),
+    Resize(..), IncMasterN(..), Choose, (|||), ChangeLayout(..),
    mirrorRect, splitVertically,
    splitHorizontally, splitHorizontallyBy, splitVerticallyBy,
@ -29,7 +27,6 @@ module XMonad.Layout (
 import XMonad.Core
 import Graphics.X11 (Rectangle(..))
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib.Extras ( Event(DestroyWindowEvent) )
 import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
 import Control.Arrow ((***), second)
 import Control.Monad
@ -38,10 +35,10 @@ import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- | Change the size of the master pane.
-data Resize     = Shrink | Expand
+data Resize     = Shrink | Expand   deriving Typeable
 -- | Increase the number of clients in the master pane.
-newtype IncMasterN = IncMasterN Int
+data IncMasterN = IncMasterN !Int    deriving Typeable
 instance Message Resize
 instance Message IncMasterN
@ -62,13 +59,9 @@ data Tall a = Tall { tallNMaster :: !Int               -- ^ The default number o
 -- a nice pure layout, lots of properties for the layout, and its messages, in Properties.hs
 instance LayoutClass Tall a where
-    pureLayout (Tall nmaster _ frac) r s
+    pureLayout (Tall nmaster _ frac) r s = zip ws rs
        | frac == 0 = drop nmaster layout
        | frac == 1 = take nmaster layout
        | otherwise = layout
      where ws = W.integrate s
            rs = tile frac r nmaster (length ws)
            layout = zip ws rs
    pureMessage (Tall nmaster delta frac) m =
            msum [fmap resize     (fromMessage m)
@ -84,7 +77,7 @@ instance LayoutClass Tall a where
 -- algorithm.
 --
 -- The screen is divided into two panes. All clients are
-- then partitioned between these two panes. One pane, the master, by
+-- then partioned between these two panes. One pane, the master, by
 -- convention has the least number of windows in it.
 tile
    :: Rational  -- ^ @frac@, what proportion of the screen to devote to the master area
@ -138,53 +131,23 @@ mirrorRect (Rectangle rx ry rw rh) = Rectangle ry rx rh rw
 -- LayoutClass selection manager
 -- Layouts that transition between other layouts
-- | Messages to change the current layout.  Also see 'JumpToLayout'.
+-- | Messages to change the current layout.
-data ChangeLayout = FirstLayout | NextLayout deriving (Eq, Show)
+data ChangeLayout = FirstLayout | NextLayout deriving (Eq, Show, Typeable)
 instance Message ChangeLayout
 -- | A message to jump to a particular layout, specified by its
 -- description string.
 --
 -- The argument given to a 'JumpToLayout' message should be the
 -- @description@ of the layout to be selected.  If you use
 -- "XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog" from @xmonad-contrib@, this is the name of
 -- the layout displayed in your status bar.  Alternatively, you can use
 -- GHCi to determine the proper name to use.  For example:
 --
 -- > $ ghci
 -- > GHCi, version 6.8.2: http://www.haskell.org/ghc/  :? for help
 -- > Loading package base ... linking ... done.
 -- > :set prompt "> "    -- don't show loaded module names
 -- > > :m +XMonad.Core   -- load the xmonad core
 -- > > :m +XMonad.Layout.Grid  -- load whatever module you want to use
 -- > > description Grid  -- find out what it's called
 -- > "Grid"
 --
 -- As yet another (possibly easier) alternative, you can use the
 -- "XMonad.Layout.Renamed" module (also in @xmonad-contrib@) to give
 -- custom names to your layouts, and use those.
 --
 -- For example, if you want to jump directly to the 'Full' layout you
 -- can do
 --
 -- > , ((modm .|. controlMask, xK_f), sendMessage $ JumpToLayout "Full")
 --
 newtype JumpToLayout = JumpToLayout String
 instance Message JumpToLayout
 -- | The layout choice combinator
 (|||) :: l a -> r a -> Choose l r a
-(|||) = Choose CL
+(|||) = Choose L
 infixr 5 |||
 -- | A layout that allows users to switch between various layout options.
-data Choose l r a = Choose CLR (l a) (r a) deriving (Read, Show)
+data Choose l r a = Choose LR (l a) (r a) deriving (Read, Show)
-- | Choose the current sub-layout (left or right) in 'Choose'.
+-- | Are we on the left or right sub-layout?
-data CLR = CL | CR deriving (Read, Show, Eq)
+data LR = L | R deriving (Read, Show, Eq)
-data NextNoWrap = NextNoWrap deriving (Eq, Show)
+data NextNoWrap = NextNoWrap deriving (Eq, Show, Typeable)
 instance Message NextNoWrap
 -- | A small wrapper around handleMessage, as it is tedious to write
@ -196,26 +159,26 @@ handle l m = handleMessage l (SomeMessage m)
 -- new structure if any fields have changed, and performs any necessary cleanup
 -- on newly non-visible layouts.
 choose :: (LayoutClass l a, LayoutClass r a)
-       => Choose l r a -> CLR -> Maybe (l a) -> Maybe (r a) -> X (Maybe (Choose l r a))
+       => Choose l r a-> LR -> Maybe (l a) -> Maybe (r a) -> X (Maybe (Choose l r a))
 choose (Choose d _ _) d' Nothing Nothing | d == d' = return Nothing
 choose (Choose d l r) d' ml      mr = f lr
 where
    (l', r') = (fromMaybe l ml, fromMaybe r mr)
    lr       = case (d, d') of
-                    (CL, CR) -> (hide l'  , return r')
+                    (L, R) -> (hide l'  , return r')
-                    (CR, CL) -> (return l', hide r'  )
+                    (R, L) -> (return l', hide r'  )
-                    (_ , _ ) -> (return l', return r')
+                    (_, _) -> (return l', return r')
-    f (x,y)  = Just <$> liftM2 (Choose d') x y
+    f (x,y)  = fmap Just $ liftM2 (Choose d') x y
-    hide x   = fromMaybe x <$> handle x Hide
+    hide x   = fmap (fromMaybe x) $ handle x Hide
 instance (LayoutClass l a, LayoutClass r a) => LayoutClass (Choose l r) a where
-    runLayout (W.Workspace i (Choose CL l r) ms) =
+    runLayout (W.Workspace i (Choose L l r) ms) =
-        fmap (second . fmap $ flip (Choose CL) r) . runLayout (W.Workspace i l ms)
+        fmap (second . fmap $ flip (Choose L) r) . runLayout (W.Workspace i l ms)
-    runLayout (W.Workspace i (Choose CR l r) ms) =
+    runLayout (W.Workspace i (Choose R l r) ms) =
-        fmap (second . fmap $ Choose CR l) . runLayout (W.Workspace i r ms)
+        fmap (second . fmap $ Choose R l) . runLayout (W.Workspace i r ms)
-    description (Choose CL l _) = description l
+    description (Choose L l _) = description l
-    description (Choose CR _ r) = description r
+    description (Choose R _ r) = description r
    handleMessage lr m | Just NextLayout <- fromMessage m = do
        mlr' <- handle lr NextNoWrap
@ -223,36 +186,25 @@ instance (LayoutClass l a, LayoutClass r a) => LayoutClass (Choose l r) a where
    handleMessage c@(Choose d l r) m | Just NextNoWrap <- fromMessage m =
        case d of
-            CL -> do
+            L -> do
                ml <- handle l NextNoWrap
                case ml of
-                    Just _  -> choose c CL ml Nothing
+                    Just _  -> choose c L ml Nothing
-                    Nothing -> choose c CR Nothing =<< handle r FirstLayout
+                    Nothing -> choose c R Nothing =<< handle r FirstLayout
-            CR -> choose c CR Nothing =<< handle r NextNoWrap
+            R -> choose c R Nothing =<< handle r NextNoWrap
    handleMessage c@(Choose _ l _) m | Just FirstLayout <- fromMessage m =
-        flip (choose c CL) Nothing =<< handle l FirstLayout
+        flip (choose c L) Nothing =<< handle l FirstLayout
    handleMessage c@(Choose d l r) m | Just ReleaseResources <- fromMessage m =
        join $ liftM2 (choose c d) (handle l ReleaseResources) (handle r ReleaseResources)
    handleMessage c@(Choose d l r) m | Just e@DestroyWindowEvent{} <- fromMessage m =
        join $ liftM2 (choose c d) (handle l e) (handle r e)
    handleMessage c@(Choose d l r) m | Just (JumpToLayout desc) <- fromMessage m = do
        ml <- handleMessage l m
        mr <- handleMessage r m
        let md | desc == description (fromMaybe l ml) = CL
               | desc == description (fromMaybe r mr) = CR
               | otherwise = d
        choose c md ml mr
    handleMessage c@(Choose d l r) m = do
        ml' <- case d of
-                CL -> handleMessage l m
+                L -> handleMessage l m
-                CR -> return Nothing
+                R -> return Nothing
        mr' <- case d of
-                CL -> return Nothing
+                L -> return Nothing
-                CR -> handleMessage r m
+                R -> handleMessage r m
        choose c d ml' mr'
--- a/src/XMonad/Main.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/Main.hs
@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses, FlexibleContexts #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
 -- Module      :  XMonad.Main
@ -15,19 +13,18 @@
 --
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-module XMonad.Main (xmonad, buildLaunch, launch) where
+module XMonad.Main (xmonad, launch) where
 import System.Locale.SetLocale
-import qualified Control.Exception as E
+import qualified Control.Exception.Extensible as E
 import Data.Bits
 import Data.List ((\\))
-import Data.Foldable (traverse_)
+import Data.Function
 import qualified Data.Map as M
 import qualified Data.Set as S
 import Control.Monad.Reader
 import Control.Monad.State
-import Control.Monad (filterM, guard, unless, void, when, forever)
+import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
 import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe, isJust)
 import Data.Monoid (getAll)
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib hiding (refreshKeyboardMapping)
@ -42,7 +39,7 @@ import XMonad.Operations
 import System.IO
 import System.Directory
 import System.Info
-import System.Environment (getArgs, getProgName, withArgs)
+import System.Environment
 import System.Posix.Process (executeFile)
 import System.Exit (exitFailure)
 import System.FilePath
@ -51,7 +48,6 @@ import Paths_xmonad (version)
 import Data.Version (showVersion)
 import Graphics.X11.Xinerama (compiledWithXinerama)
 import Graphics.X11.Xrandr (xrrQueryExtension, xrrUpdateConfiguration)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ -63,17 +59,17 @@ xmonad :: (LayoutClass l Window, Read (l Window)) => XConfig l -> IO ()
 xmonad conf = do
    installSignalHandlers -- important to ignore SIGCHLD to avoid zombies
    dirs <- getDirectories
    let launch' args = do
-              catchIO (buildLaunch dirs)
+              catchIO buildLaunch
-              conf'@XConfig { layoutHook = Layout l }
+              conf' @ XConfig { layoutHook = Layout l }
                  <- handleExtraArgs conf args conf{ layoutHook = Layout (layoutHook conf) }
-              withArgs [] $ launch (conf' { layoutHook = l }) dirs
+              withArgs [] $ launch (conf' { layoutHook = l })
    args <- getArgs
    case args of
        ("--resume": ws : xs : args') -> migrateState ws xs >> launch' args'
        ["--help"]            -> usage
-        ["--recompile"]       -> recompile dirs True >>= flip unless exitFailure
+        ["--recompile"]       -> recompile True >>= flip unless exitFailure
        ["--restart"]         -> sendRestart
        ["--version"]         -> putStrLn $ unwords shortVersion
        ["--verbose-version"] -> putStrLn . unwords $ shortVersion ++ longVersion
@ -90,14 +86,14 @@ usage :: IO ()
 usage = do
    self <- getProgName
    putStr . unlines $
-        [ "Usage: " <> self <> " [OPTION]"
+        concat ["Usage: ", self, " [OPTION]"] :
-        , "Options:"
+        "Options:" :
-        , "  --help                       Print this message"
+        "  --help                       Print this message" :
-        , "  --version                    Print the version number"
+        "  --version                    Print the version number" :
-        , "  --recompile                  Recompile your xmonad.hs"
+        "  --recompile                  Recompile your ~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs" :
-        , "  --replace                    Replace the running window manager with xmonad"
+        "  --replace                    Replace the running window manager with xmonad" :
-        , "  --restart                    Request a running xmonad process to restart"
+        "  --restart                    Request a running xmonad process to restart" :
-        ]
+        []
 -- | Build the xmonad configuration file with ghc, then execute it.
 -- If there are no errors, this function does not return.  An
@ -115,21 +111,40 @@ usage = do
 --
 --   * Missing XMonad\/XMonadContrib modules due to ghc upgrade
 --
-buildLaunch :: Directories -> IO ()
+buildLaunch ::  IO ()
-buildLaunch dirs = do
+buildLaunch = do
    whoami <- getProgName
-    let bin = binFileName dirs
+    let compiledConfig = "xmonad-"++arch++"-"++os
    let compiledConfig = takeFileName bin
    unless (whoami == compiledConfig) $ do
      trace $ concat
-        [ "XMonad is recompiling and replacing itself with another XMonad process because the current process is called "
+        [ "XMonad is recompiling and replacing itself another XMonad process because the current process is called "
        , show whoami
        , " but the compiled configuration should be called "
        , show compiledConfig
        ]
-      recompile dirs False
+      recompile False
      dir  <- getXMonadDataDir
      args <- getArgs
-      executeFile bin False args Nothing
+      executeFile (dir </> compiledConfig) False args Nothing
 sendRestart :: IO ()
 sendRestart = do
    dpy <- openDisplay ""
    rw <- rootWindow dpy $ defaultScreen dpy
    xmonad_restart <- internAtom dpy "XMONAD_RESTART" False
    allocaXEvent $ \e -> do
        setEventType e clientMessage
        setClientMessageEvent e rw xmonad_restart 32 0 currentTime
        sendEvent dpy rw False structureNotifyMask e
    sync dpy False
 -- | a wrapper for 'replace'
 sendReplace :: IO ()
 sendReplace = do
    dpy <- openDisplay ""
    let dflt = defaultScreen dpy
    rootw  <- rootWindow dpy dflt
    replace dpy dflt rootw
 -- | Entry point into xmonad for custom builds.
 --
@ -151,8 +166,8 @@ buildLaunch dirs = do
 -- function instead of 'xmonad'.  You probably also want to have a key
 -- binding to the 'XMonad.Operations.restart` function that restarts
 -- your custom binary with the resume flag set to @True@.
-launch :: (LayoutClass l Window, Read (l Window)) => XConfig l -> Directories -> IO ()
+launch :: (LayoutClass l Window, Read (l Window)) => XConfig l -> IO ()
-launch initxmc drs = do
+launch initxmc = do
    -- setup locale information from environment
    setLocale LC_ALL (Just "")
    -- ignore SIGPIPE and SIGCHLD
@ -177,12 +192,12 @@ launch initxmc drs = do
    xinesc <- getCleanedScreenInfo dpy
-    nbc    <- do v         <- initColor dpy $ normalBorderColor  xmc
+    nbc    <- do v            <- initColor dpy $ normalBorderColor  xmc
-                 Just nbc_ <- initColor dpy $ normalBorderColor Default.def
+                 ~(Just nbc_) <- initColor dpy $ normalBorderColor Default.def
                 return (fromMaybe nbc_ v)
    fbc    <- do v <- initColor dpy $ focusedBorderColor xmc
-                 Just fbc_ <- initColor dpy $ focusedBorderColor Default.def
+                 ~(Just fbc_)  <- initColor dpy $ focusedBorderColor Default.def
                 return (fromMaybe fbc_ v)
    hSetBuffering stdout NoBuffering
@ -201,9 +216,7 @@ launch initxmc drs = do
            , buttonActions = mouseBindings xmc xmc
            , mouseFocused  = False
            , mousePosition = Nothing
-            , currentEvent  = Nothing
+            , currentEvent  = Nothing }
            , directories   = drs
            }
        st = XState
            { windowset       = initialWinset
@ -218,7 +231,7 @@ launch initxmc drs = do
        runX cf st $ do
            -- check for serialized state in a file.
            serializedSt <- do
-                path <- asks $ stateFileName . directories
+                path <- stateFileName
                exists <- io (doesFileExist path)
                if exists then readStateFile initxmc else return Nothing
@ -226,7 +239,7 @@ launch initxmc drs = do
            let extst = maybe M.empty extensibleState serializedSt
            modify (\s -> s {extensibleState = extst})
-            cacheNumlockMask
+            setNumlockMask
            grabKeys
            grabButtons
@ -247,11 +260,8 @@ launch initxmc drs = do
            userCode $ startupHook initxmc
            rrData <- io $ xrrQueryExtension dpy
            let rrUpdate = when (isJust rrData) . void . xrrUpdateConfiguration
            -- main loop, for all you HOF/recursion fans out there.
-            forever $ prehandle =<< io (nextEvent dpy e >> rrUpdate e >> getEvent e)
+            forever $ prehandle =<< io (nextEvent dpy e >> getEvent e)
    return ()
      where
@ -300,21 +310,16 @@ handle (MapRequestEvent    {ev_window = w}) = withDisplay $ \dpy -> do
 -- window destroyed, unmanage it
 -- window gone,      unmanage it
-- broadcast to layouts
+handle (DestroyWindowEvent {ev_window = w}) = whenX (isClient w) $ do
 handle e@(DestroyWindowEvent {ev_window = w}) = do
  whenX (isClient w) $ do
    unmanage w
    modify (\s -> s { mapped       = S.delete w (mapped s)
                    , waitingUnmap = M.delete w (waitingUnmap s)})
  -- the window is already unmanged, but we broadcast the event to all layouts
  -- to trigger garbage-collection in case they hold window-specific resources
  broadcastMessage e
 -- We track expected unmap events in waitingUnmap.  We ignore this event unless
 -- it is synthetic or we are not expecting an unmap notification from a window.
 handle (UnmapEvent {ev_window = w, ev_send_event = synthetic}) = whenX (isClient w) $ do
    e <- gets (fromMaybe 0 . M.lookup w . waitingUnmap)
-    if synthetic || e == 0
+    if (synthetic || e == 0)
        then unmanage w
        else modify (\s -> s { waitingUnmap = M.update mpred w (waitingUnmap s) })
 where mpred 1 = Nothing
@ -324,7 +329,7 @@ handle (UnmapEvent {ev_window = w, ev_send_event = synthetic}) = whenX (isClient
 handle e@(MappingNotifyEvent {}) = do
    io $ refreshKeyboardMapping e
    when (ev_request e `elem` [mappingKeyboard, mappingModifier]) $ do
-        cacheNumlockMask
+        setNumlockMask
        grabKeys
 -- handle button release, which may finish dragging.
@ -412,7 +417,7 @@ handle event@(PropertyEvent { ev_event_type = t, ev_atom = a })
 handle e@ClientMessageEvent { ev_message_type = mt } = do
    a <- getAtom "XMONAD_RESTART"
-    if mt == a
+    if (mt == a)
        then restart "xmonad" True
        else broadcastMessage e
@ -443,14 +448,35 @@ scan dpy rootw = do
        skip :: E.SomeException -> IO Bool
        skip _ = return False
 setNumlockMask :: X ()
 setNumlockMask = do
    dpy <- asks display
    ms <- io $ getModifierMapping dpy
    xs <- sequence [ do
                        ks <- io $ keycodeToKeysym dpy kc 0
                        if ks == xK_Num_Lock
                            then return (setBit 0 (fromIntegral m))
                            else return (0 :: KeyMask)
                        | (m, kcs) <- ms, kc <- kcs, kc /= 0]
    modify (\s -> s { numberlockMask = foldr (.|.) 0 xs })
 -- | Grab the keys back
 grabKeys :: X ()
 grabKeys = do
    XConf { display = dpy, theRoot = rootw } <- ask
    let grab kc m = io $ grabKey dpy kc m rootw True grabModeAsync grabModeAsync
        (minCode, maxCode) = displayKeycodes dpy
        allCodes = [fromIntegral minCode .. fromIntegral maxCode]
    io $ ungrabKey dpy anyKey anyModifier rootw
-    let grab :: (KeyMask, KeyCode) -> X ()
+    ks <- asks keyActions
-        grab (km, kc) = io $ grabKey dpy kc km rootw True grabModeAsync grabModeAsync
+    -- build a map from keysyms to lists of keysyms (doing what
-    traverse_ grab =<< mkGrabs =<< asks (M.keys . keyActions)
+    -- XGetKeyboardMapping would do if the X11 package bound it)
    syms <- forM allCodes $ \code -> io (keycodeToKeysym dpy code 0)
    let keysymMap = M.fromListWith (++) (zip syms [[code] | code <- allCodes])
        keysymToKeycodes sym = M.findWithDefault [] sym keysymMap
    forM_ (M.keys ks) $ \(mask,sym) ->
         forM_ (keysymToKeycodes sym) $ \kc ->
              mapM_ (grab kc . (mask .|.)) =<< extraModifiers
 -- | Grab the buttons
 grabButtons :: X ()
@ -461,4 +487,37 @@ grabButtons = do
    io $ ungrabButton dpy anyButton anyModifier rootw
    ems <- extraModifiers
    ba <- asks buttonActions
-    mapM_ (\(m,b) -> mapM_ (grab b . (m .|.)) ems) (M.keys ba)
+    mapM_ (\(m,b) -> mapM_ (grab b . (m .|.)) ems) (M.keys $ ba)
 -- | @replace@ to signals compliant window managers to exit.
 replace :: Display -> ScreenNumber -> Window -> IO ()
 replace dpy dflt rootw = do
    -- check for other WM
    wmSnAtom <- internAtom dpy ("WM_S" ++ show dflt) False
    currentWmSnOwner <- xGetSelectionOwner dpy wmSnAtom
    when (currentWmSnOwner /= 0) $ do
        -- prepare to receive destroyNotify for old WM
        selectInput dpy currentWmSnOwner structureNotifyMask
        -- create off-screen window
        netWmSnOwner <- allocaSetWindowAttributes $ \attributes -> do
            set_override_redirect attributes True
            set_event_mask attributes propertyChangeMask
            let screen = defaultScreenOfDisplay dpy
                visual = defaultVisualOfScreen screen
                attrmask = cWOverrideRedirect .|. cWEventMask
            createWindow dpy rootw (-100) (-100) 1 1 0 copyFromParent copyFromParent visual attrmask attributes
        -- try to acquire wmSnAtom, this should signal the old WM to terminate
        xSetSelectionOwner dpy wmSnAtom netWmSnOwner currentTime
        -- SKIPPED: check if we acquired the selection
        -- SKIPPED: send client message indicating that we are now the WM
        -- wait for old WM to go away
        fix $ \again -> do
            evt <- allocaXEvent $ \event -> do
                windowEvent dpy currentWmSnOwner structureNotifyMask event
                get_EventType event
            when (evt /= destroyNotify) again
--- a/src/XMonad/ManageHook.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/ManageHook.hs
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
 -- Module      :  XMonad.ManageHook
@ -6,6 +8,7 @@
 --
 -- Maintainer  :  spencerjanssen@gmail.com
 -- Stability   :  unstable
 -- Portability :  not portable, uses cunning newtype deriving
 --
 -- An EDSL for ManageHooks
 --
@ -18,13 +21,13 @@ module XMonad.ManageHook where
 import XMonad.Core
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib.Extras
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib (Display, Window, internAtom, wM_NAME)
-import Control.Exception (bracket, SomeException(..))
+import Control.Exception.Extensible (bracket, SomeException(..))
-import qualified Control.Exception as E
+import qualified Control.Exception.Extensible as E
 import Control.Monad.Reader
 import Data.Maybe
 import Data.Monoid
 import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
-import XMonad.Operations (floatLocation, reveal, isFixedSizeOrTransient)
+import XMonad.Operations (floatLocation, reveal)
 -- | Lift an 'X' action to a 'Query'.
 liftX :: X a -> Query a
@ -58,14 +61,13 @@ infixr 3 <&&>, <||>
 -- | '&&' lifted to a 'Monad'.
 (<&&>) :: Monad m => m Bool -> m Bool -> m Bool
-x <&&> y = ifM x y (pure False)
+(<&&>) = liftM2 (&&)
 -- | '||' lifted to a 'Monad'.
 (<||>) :: Monad m => m Bool -> m Bool -> m Bool
-x <||> y = ifM x (pure True) y
+(<||>) = liftM2 (||)
-- | Return the window title; i.e., the string returned by @_NET_WM_NAME@,
+-- | Return the window title.
 -- or failing that, the string returned by @WM_NAME@.
 title :: Query String
 title = ask >>= \w -> liftX $ do
    d <- asks display
@ -74,11 +76,10 @@ title = ask >>= \w -> liftX $ do
            (internAtom d "_NET_WM_NAME" False >>= getTextProperty d w)
                `E.catch` \(SomeException _) -> getTextProperty d w wM_NAME
        extract prop = do l <- wcTextPropertyToTextList d prop
-                          return $ fromMaybe "" $ listToMaybe l
+                          return $ if null l then "" else head l
    io $ bracket getProp (xFree . tp_value) extract `E.catch` \(SomeException _) -> return ""
-- | Return the application name; i.e., the /first/ string returned by
+-- | Return the application name.
 -- @WM_CLASS@.
 appName :: Query String
 appName = ask >>= (\w -> liftX $ withDisplay $ \d -> fmap resName $ io $ getClassHint d w)
@ -86,17 +87,14 @@ appName = ask >>= (\w -> liftX $ withDisplay $ \d -> fmap resName $ io $ getClas
 resource :: Query String
 resource = appName
-- | Return the resource class; i.e., the /second/ string returned by
+-- | Return the resource class.
 -- @WM_CLASS@.
 className :: Query String
 className = ask >>= (\w -> liftX $ withDisplay $ \d -> fmap resClass $ io $ getClassHint d w)
 -- | A query that can return an arbitrary X property of type 'String',
-- identified by name. Works for ASCII strings only. For the properties
+--   identified by name.
 -- @_NET_WM_NAME@/@WM_NAME@ and @WM_CLASS@ the specialised variants 'title'
 -- and 'appName'/'className' are preferred.
 stringProperty :: String -> Query String
-stringProperty p = ask >>= (\w -> liftX $ withDisplay $ \d -> fromMaybe "" <$> getStringProperty d w p)
+stringProperty p = ask >>= (\w -> liftX $ withDisplay $ \d -> fmap (fromMaybe "") $ getStringProperty d w p)
 getStringProperty :: Display -> Window -> String -> X (Maybe String)
 getStringProperty d w p = do
@ -104,10 +102,6 @@ getStringProperty d w p = do
  md <- io $ getWindowProperty8 d a w
  return $ fmap (map (toEnum . fromIntegral)) md
 -- | Return whether the window will be a floating window or not
 willFloat :: Query Bool
 willFloat = ask >>= \w -> liftX $ withDisplay $ \d -> isFixedSizeOrTransient d w
 -- | Modify the 'WindowSet' with a pure function.
 doF :: (s -> s) -> Query (Endo s)
 doF = return . Endo
--- a/src/XMonad/Operations.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/Operations.hs
@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
+{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-}
-{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts, FlexibleInstances, MultiParamTypeClasses, PatternGuards, TypeSynonymInstances #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE LambdaCase #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE PatternGuards #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
 -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
 -- Module      :  XMonad.Operations
@ -13,69 +8,31 @@
 --
 -- Maintainer  :  dons@cse.unsw.edu.au
 -- Stability   :  unstable
-- Portability :  not portable, mtl, posix
+-- Portability :  not portable, Typeable deriving, mtl, posix
 --
-- Operations. A module for functions that don't cleanly fit anywhere else.
+-- Operations.
 --
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-module XMonad.Operations (
+module XMonad.Operations where
    -- * Manage One Window
    manage, unmanage, killWindow, kill, isClient,
    setInitialProperties, setWMState, setWindowBorderWithFallback,
    hide, reveal, tileWindow,
    setTopFocus, focus, isFixedSizeOrTransient,
    -- * Manage Windows
    windows, refresh, rescreen, modifyWindowSet, windowBracket, windowBracket_, clearEvents, getCleanedScreenInfo,
    withFocused, withUnfocused,
    -- * Keyboard and Mouse
    cleanMask, extraModifiers,
    mouseDrag, mouseMoveWindow, mouseResizeWindow,
    setButtonGrab, setFocusX, cacheNumlockMask, mkGrabs, unGrab,
    -- * Messages
    sendMessage, broadcastMessage, sendMessageWithNoRefresh,
    sendRestart, sendReplace,
    -- * Save and Restore State
    StateFile (..), writeStateToFile, readStateFile, restart,
    -- * Floating Layer
    float, floatLocation,
    -- * Window Size Hints
    D, mkAdjust, applySizeHints, applySizeHints', applySizeHintsContents,
    applyAspectHint, applyResizeIncHint, applyMaxSizeHint,
    -- * Rectangles
    containedIn, nubScreens, pointWithin, scaleRationalRect,
    -- * Other Utilities
    initColor, pointScreen, screenWorkspace,
    setLayout, updateLayout,
    ) where
 import XMonad.Core
 import XMonad.Layout (Full(..))
 import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
 import Data.Maybe
-import Data.Monoid          (Endo(..),Any(..))
+import Data.Monoid          (Endo(..))
 import Data.List            (nub, (\\), find)
-import Data.Bits            ((.|.), (.&.), complement, setBit, testBit)
+import Data.Bits            ((.|.), (.&.), complement, testBit)
 import Data.Function        (on)
 import Data.Ratio
 import qualified Data.Map as M
 import qualified Data.Set as S
 import Control.Applicative((<$>), (<*>))
 import Control.Arrow (second)
 import Control.Monad.Fix (fix)
 import Control.Monad.Reader
 import Control.Monad.State
-import Control.Monad (forM, forM_, guard, join, unless, void, when)
+import qualified Control.Exception.Extensible as C
 import qualified Control.Exception as C
 import System.IO
 import System.Directory
@ -85,20 +42,9 @@ import Graphics.X11.Xinerama (getScreenInfo)
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib.Extras
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- Window manager operations
 -- | Detect whether a window has fixed size or is transient. This check
 -- can be used to determine whether the window should be floating or not
 --
 isFixedSizeOrTransient :: Display -> Window -> X Bool
 isFixedSizeOrTransient d w = do
    sh <- io $ getWMNormalHints d w
    let isFixedSize = isJust (sh_min_size sh) && sh_min_size sh == sh_max_size sh
    isTransient <- isJust <$> io (getTransientForHint d w)
    return (isFixedSize || isTransient)
 -- |
-- Add a new window to be managed in the current workspace.
+-- Window manager operations
 -- manage. Add a new window to be managed in the current workspace.
 -- Bring it into focus.
 --
 -- Whether the window is already managed, or not, it is mapped, has its
@ -106,8 +52,10 @@ isFixedSizeOrTransient d w = do
 --
 manage :: Window -> X ()
 manage w = whenX (not <$> isClient w) $ withDisplay $ \d -> do
    sh <- io $ getWMNormalHints d w
-    shouldFloat <- isFixedSizeOrTransient d w
+    let isFixedSize = sh_min_size sh /= Nothing && sh_min_size sh == sh_max_size sh
    isTransient <- isJust <$> io (getTransientForHint d w)
    rr <- snd `fmap` floatLocation w
    -- ensure that float windows don't go over the edge of the screen
@ -115,15 +63,15 @@ manage w = whenX (not <$> isClient w) $ withDisplay $ \d -> do
                                              = W.RationalRect (0.5 - wid/2) (0.5 - h/2) wid h
        adjust r = r
-        f ws | shouldFloat = W.float w (adjust rr) . W.insertUp w . W.view i $ ws
+        f ws | isFixedSize || isTransient = W.float w (adjust rr) . W.insertUp w . W.view i $ ws
-             | otherwise   = W.insertUp w ws
+             | otherwise                  = W.insertUp w ws
            where i = W.tag $ W.workspace $ W.current ws
    mh <- asks (manageHook . config)
    g <- appEndo <$> userCodeDef (Endo id) (runQuery mh w)
    windows (g . f)
-- | A window no longer exists; remove it from the window
+-- | unmanage. A window no longer exists, remove it from the window
 -- list, on whatever workspace it is.
 --
 unmanage :: Window -> X ()
@ -143,9 +91,9 @@ killWindow w = withDisplay $ \d -> do
    io $ if wmdelt `elem` protocols
        then allocaXEvent $ \ev -> do
                setEventType ev clientMessage
-                setClientMessageEvent ev w wmprot 32 wmdelt currentTime
+                setClientMessageEvent ev w wmprot 32 wmdelt 0
                sendEvent d w False noEventMask ev
-        else void (killClient d w)
+        else killClient d w >> return ()
 -- | Kill the currently focused client.
 kill :: X ()
@ -154,7 +102,7 @@ kill = withFocused killWindow
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- Managing windows
-- | Modify the current window list with a pure function, and refresh
+-- | windows. Modify the current window list with a pure function, and refresh
 windows :: (WindowSet -> WindowSet) -> X ()
 windows f = do
    XState { windowset = old } <- get
@ -196,8 +144,7 @@ windows f = do
        let m   = W.floating ws
            flt = [(fw, scaleRationalRect viewrect r)
-                    | fw <- filter (`M.member` m) (W.index this)
+                    | fw <- filter (flip M.member m) (W.index this)
                    , fw `notElem` vis
                    , Just r <- [M.lookup fw m]]
            vs = flt ++ rs
@ -223,58 +170,38 @@ windows f = do
    -- all windows that are no longer in the windowset are marked as
    -- withdrawn, it is important to do this after the above, otherwise 'hide'
    -- will overwrite withdrawnState with iconicState
-    mapM_ (`setWMState` withdrawnState) (W.allWindows old \\ W.allWindows ws)
+    mapM_ (flip setWMState withdrawnState) (W.allWindows old \\ W.allWindows ws)
    isMouseFocused <- asks mouseFocused
    unless isMouseFocused $ clearEvents enterWindowMask
    asks (logHook . config) >>= userCodeDef ()
 -- | Modify the @WindowSet@ in state with no special handling.
 modifyWindowSet :: (WindowSet -> WindowSet) -> X ()
 modifyWindowSet f = modify $ \xst -> xst { windowset = f (windowset xst) }
 -- | Perform an @X@ action and check its return value against a predicate p.
 -- If p holds, unwind changes to the @WindowSet@ and replay them using @windows@.
 windowBracket :: (a -> Bool) -> X a -> X a
 windowBracket p action = withWindowSet $ \old -> do
  a <- action
  when (p a) . withWindowSet $ \new -> do
    modifyWindowSet $ const old
    windows         $ const new
  return a
 -- | Perform an @X@ action. If it returns @Any True@, unwind the
 -- changes to the @WindowSet@ and replay them using @windows@. This is
 -- a version of @windowBracket@ that discards the return value and
 -- handles an @X@ action that reports its need for refresh via @Any@.
 windowBracket_ :: X Any -> X ()
 windowBracket_ = void . windowBracket getAny
 -- | Produce the actual rectangle from a screen and a ratio on that screen.
 scaleRationalRect :: Rectangle -> W.RationalRect -> Rectangle
 scaleRationalRect (Rectangle sx sy sw sh) (W.RationalRect rx ry rw rh)
 = Rectangle (sx + scale sw rx) (sy + scale sh ry) (scale sw rw) (scale sh rh)
 where scale s r = floor (toRational s * r)
-- | Set a window's WM_STATE property.
+-- | setWMState.  set the WM_STATE property
 setWMState :: Window -> Int -> X ()
 setWMState w v = withDisplay $ \dpy -> do
    a <- atom_WM_STATE
    io $ changeProperty32 dpy w a a propModeReplace [fromIntegral v, fromIntegral none]
-- | Set the border color using the window's color map, if possible;
+-- | Set the border color using the window's color map, if possible,
-- otherwise fall back to the color in @Pixel@.
+-- otherwise fallback to the color in @Pixel@.
 setWindowBorderWithFallback :: Display -> Window -> String -> Pixel -> X ()
 setWindowBorderWithFallback dpy w color basic = io $
    C.handle fallback $ do
      wa <- getWindowAttributes dpy w
-      pixel <- setPixelSolid . color_pixel . fst <$> allocNamedColor dpy (wa_colormap wa) color
+      pixel <- color_pixel . fst <$> allocNamedColor dpy (wa_colormap wa) color
      setWindowBorder dpy w pixel
  where
    fallback :: C.SomeException -> IO ()
-    fallback _ = setWindowBorder dpy w basic
+    fallback e = do hPrint stderr e >> hFlush stderr
                    setWindowBorder dpy w basic
-- | Hide a window by unmapping it and setting Iconified.
+-- | hide. Hide a window by unmapping it, and setting Iconified.
 hide :: Window -> X ()
 hide w = whenX (gets (S.member w . mapped)) $ withDisplay $ \d -> do
    cMask <- asks $ clientMask . config
@ -287,15 +214,15 @@ hide w = whenX (gets (S.member w . mapped)) $ withDisplay $ \d -> do
    modify (\s -> s { waitingUnmap = M.insertWith (+) w 1 (waitingUnmap s)
                    , mapped       = S.delete w (mapped s) })
-- | Show a window by mapping it and setting Normal.
+-- | reveal. Show a window by mapping it and setting Normal
-- This is harmless if the window was already visible.
+-- this is harmless if the window was already visible
 reveal :: Window -> X ()
 reveal w = withDisplay $ \d -> do
    setWMState w normalState
    io $ mapWindow d w
    whenX (isClient w) $ modify (\s -> s { mapped = S.insert w (mapped s) })
-- | Set some properties when we initially gain control of a window.
+-- | Set some properties when we initially gain control of a window
 setInitialProperties :: Window -> X ()
 setInitialProperties w = asks normalBorder >>= \nb -> withDisplay $ \d -> do
    setWMState w iconicState
@ -306,7 +233,7 @@ setInitialProperties w = asks normalBorder >>= \nb -> withDisplay $ \d -> do
    -- required by the border setting in 'windows'
    io $ setWindowBorder d w nb
-- | Render the currently visible workspaces, as determined by
+-- | refresh. Render the currently visible workspaces, as determined by
 -- the 'StackSet'. Also, set focus to the focused window.
 --
 -- This is our 'view' operation (MVC), in that it pretty prints our model
@ -315,7 +242,7 @@ setInitialProperties w = asks normalBorder >>= \nb -> withDisplay $ \d -> do
 refresh :: X ()
 refresh = windows id
-- | Remove all events of a given type from the event queue.
+-- | clearEvents.  Remove all events of a given type from the event queue.
 clearEvents :: EventMask -> X ()
 clearEvents mask = withDisplay $ \d -> io $ do
    sync d False
@ -323,8 +250,8 @@ clearEvents mask = withDisplay $ \d -> io $ do
        more <- checkMaskEvent d mask p
        when more again -- beautiful
-- | Move and resize @w@ such that it fits inside the given rectangle,
+-- | tileWindow. Moves and resizes w such that it fits inside the given
-- including its border.
+-- rectangle, including its border.
 tileWindow :: Window -> Rectangle -> X ()
 tileWindow w r = withDisplay $ \d -> withWindowAttributes d w $ \wa -> do
    -- give all windows at least 1x1 pixels
@ -351,28 +278,27 @@ containedIn r1@(Rectangle x1 y1 w1 h1) r2@(Rectangle x2 y2 w2 h2)
 nubScreens :: [Rectangle] -> [Rectangle]
 nubScreens xs = nub . filter (\x -> not $ any (x `containedIn`) xs) $ xs
-- | Clean the list of screens according to the rules documented for
+-- | Cleans the list of screens according to the rules documented for
 -- nubScreens.
 getCleanedScreenInfo :: MonadIO m => Display -> m [Rectangle]
 getCleanedScreenInfo = io .  fmap nubScreens . getScreenInfo
-- | The screen configuration may have changed (due to -- xrandr),
+-- | rescreen.  The screen configuration may have changed (due to
-- update the state and refresh the screen, and reset the gap.
+-- xrandr), update the state and refresh the screen, and reset the gap.
 rescreen :: X ()
-rescreen = withDisplay getCleanedScreenInfo >>= \case
+rescreen = do
-    [] -> trace "getCleanedScreenInfo returned []"
+    xinesc <- withDisplay getCleanedScreenInfo
-    xinesc:xinescs ->
+
-        windows $ \ws@W.StackSet{ W.current = v, W.visible = vs, W.hidden = hs } ->
+    windows $ \ws@(W.StackSet { W.current = v, W.visible = vs, W.hidden = hs }) ->
-            let (xs, ys) = splitAt (length xinescs) (map W.workspace vs ++ hs)
+        let (xs, ys) = splitAt (length xinesc) $ map W.workspace (v:vs) ++ hs
-                a = W.Screen (W.workspace v) 0 (SD xinesc)
+            (a:as)   = zipWith3 W.Screen xs [0..] $ map SD xinesc
-                as = zipWith3 W.Screen xs [1..] $ map SD xinescs
+        in  ws { W.current = a
-            in  ws { W.current = a
+               , W.visible = as
-                   , W.visible = as
+               , W.hidden  = ys }
                   , W.hidden  = ys }
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- | Tell whether or not to intercept clicks on a given window
+-- | setButtonGrab. Tell whether or not to intercept clicks on a given window
 setButtonGrab :: Bool -> Window -> X ()
 setButtonGrab grab w = do
    pointerMode <- asks $ \c -> if clickJustFocuses (config c)
@ -427,7 +353,7 @@ setFocusX w = withWindowSet $ \ws -> do
    currevt <- asks currentEvent
    let inputHintSet = wmh_flags hints `testBit` inputHintBit
-    when (inputHintSet && wmh_input hints || not inputHintSet) $
+    when ((inputHintSet && wmh_input hints) || (not inputHintSet)) $
      io $ do setInputFocus dpy w revertToPointerRoot 0
    when (wmtf `elem` protocols) $
      io $ allocaXEvent $ \ev -> do
@ -435,171 +361,56 @@ setFocusX w = withWindowSet $ \ws -> do
        setClientMessageEvent ev w wmprot 32 wmtf $ maybe currentTime event_time currevt
        sendEvent dpy w False noEventMask ev
        where event_time ev =
-                if ev_event_type ev `elem` timedEvents then
+                if (ev_event_type ev) `elem` timedEvents then
                  ev_time ev
                else
                  currentTime
              timedEvents = [ keyPress, keyRelease, buttonPress, buttonRelease, enterNotify, leaveNotify, selectionRequest ]
 cacheNumlockMask :: X ()
 cacheNumlockMask = do
    dpy <- asks display
    ms <- io $ getModifierMapping dpy
    xs <- sequence [ do ks <- io $ keycodeToKeysym dpy kc 0
                        if ks == xK_Num_Lock
                            then return (setBit 0 (fromIntegral m))
                            else return (0 :: KeyMask)
                   | (m, kcs) <- ms, kc <- kcs, kc /= 0
                   ]
    modify (\s -> s { numberlockMask = foldr (.|.) 0 xs })
 -- | Given a list of keybindings, turn the given 'KeySym's into actual
 -- 'KeyCode's and prepare them for grabbing.
 mkGrabs :: [(KeyMask, KeySym)] -> X [(KeyMask, KeyCode)]
 mkGrabs ks = withDisplay $ \dpy -> do
    let (minCode, maxCode) = displayKeycodes dpy
        allCodes = [fromIntegral minCode .. fromIntegral maxCode]
    -- build a map from keysyms to lists of keysyms (doing what
    -- XGetKeyboardMapping would do if the X11 package bound it)
    syms <- forM allCodes $ \code -> io (keycodeToKeysym dpy code 0)
    let -- keycodeToKeysym returns noSymbol for all unbound keycodes,
        -- and we don't want to grab those whenever someone accidentally
        -- uses def :: KeySym
        keysymMap = M.delete noSymbol $
            M.fromListWith (++) (zip syms [[code] | code <- allCodes])
        keysymToKeycodes sym = M.findWithDefault [] sym keysymMap
    extraMods <- extraModifiers
    pure [ (mask .|. extraMod, keycode)
         | (mask, sym) <- ks
         , keycode     <- keysymToKeycodes sym
         , extraMod    <- extraMods
         ]
 -- | Release XMonad's keyboard grab, so other grabbers can do their thing.
 --
 -- Start a keyboard action with this if it is going to run something
 -- that needs to do a keyboard, pointer, or server grab. For example,
 --
 -- > , ((modm .|. controlMask, xK_p), unGrab >> spawn "scrot")
 --
 -- (Other examples are certain screen lockers and "gksu".)
 -- This avoids needing to insert a pause/sleep before running the
 -- command.
 --
 -- XMonad retains the keyboard grab during key actions because if they
 -- use a submap, they need the keyboard to be grabbed, and if they had
 -- to assert their own grab then the asynchronous nature of X11 allows
 -- race conditions between XMonad, other clients, and the X server that
 -- would cause keys to sometimes be "leaked" to the focused window.
 unGrab :: X ()
 unGrab = withDisplay $ \d -> io $ do
    ungrabKeyboard d currentTime
    ungrabPointer  d currentTime
    sync d False
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- Message handling
 -- | Throw a message to the current 'LayoutClass' possibly modifying how we
-- layout the windows, in which case changes are handled through a refresh.
+-- layout the windows, then refresh.
 sendMessage :: Message a => a -> X ()
-sendMessage a = windowBracket_ $ do
+sendMessage a = do
-    w <- gets $ W.workspace . W.current . windowset
+    w <- W.workspace . W.current <$> gets windowset
    ml' <- handleMessage (W.layout w) (SomeMessage a) `catchX` return Nothing
    whenJust ml' $ \l' ->
-        modifyWindowSet $ \ws -> ws { W.current = (W.current ws)
+        windows $ \ws -> ws { W.current = (W.current ws)
                                { W.workspace = (W.workspace $ W.current ws)
                                  { W.layout = l' }}}
    return (Any $ isJust ml')
 -- | Send a message to all layouts, without refreshing.
 broadcastMessage :: Message a => a -> X ()
 broadcastMessage a = withWindowSet $ \ws -> do
-    -- this is O(n²), but we can't really fix this as there's code in
+   let c = W.workspace . W.current $ ws
-    -- xmonad-contrib that touches the windowset during handleMessage
+       v = map W.workspace . W.visible $ ws
-    -- (returning Nothing for changes to not get overwritten), so we
+       h = W.hidden ws
-    -- unfortunately need to do this one by one and persist layout states
+   mapM_ (sendMessageWithNoRefresh a) (c : v ++ h)
    -- of each workspace separately)
    let c = W.workspace . W.current $ ws
        v = map W.workspace . W.visible $ ws
        h = W.hidden ws
    mapM_ (sendMessageWithNoRefresh a) (c : v ++ h)
 -- | Send a message to a layout, without refreshing.
-sendMessageWithNoRefresh :: Message a => a -> WindowSpace -> X ()
+sendMessageWithNoRefresh :: Message a => a -> W.Workspace WorkspaceId (Layout Window) Window -> X ()
 sendMessageWithNoRefresh a w =
    handleMessage (W.layout w) (SomeMessage a) `catchX` return Nothing >>=
    updateLayout  (W.tag w)
-- | Update the layout field of a workspace.
+-- | Update the layout field of a workspace
 updateLayout :: WorkspaceId -> Maybe (Layout Window) -> X ()
 updateLayout i ml = whenJust ml $ \l ->
    runOnWorkspaces $ \ww -> return $ if W.tag ww == i then ww { W.layout = l} else ww
-- | Set the layout of the currently viewed workspace.
+-- | Set the layout of the currently viewed workspace
 setLayout :: Layout Window -> X ()
 setLayout l = do
-    ss@W.StackSet{ W.current = c@W.Screen{ W.workspace = ws }} <- gets windowset
+    ss@(W.StackSet { W.current = c@(W.Screen { W.workspace = ws })}) <- gets windowset
    handleMessage (W.layout ws) (SomeMessage ReleaseResources)
-    windows $ const $ ss{ W.current = c{ W.workspace = ws{ W.layout = l } } }
+    windows $ const $ ss {W.current = c { W.workspace = ws { W.layout = l } } }
 -- | Signal xmonad to restart itself.
 sendRestart :: IO ()
 sendRestart = do
    dpy <- openDisplay ""
    rw  <- rootWindow dpy $ defaultScreen dpy
    xmonad_restart <- internAtom dpy "XMONAD_RESTART" False
    allocaXEvent $ \e -> do
        setEventType e clientMessage
        setClientMessageEvent' e rw xmonad_restart 32 []
        sendEvent dpy rw False structureNotifyMask e
    sync dpy False
 -- | Signal compliant window managers to exit.
 sendReplace :: IO ()
 sendReplace = do
    dpy <- openDisplay ""
    let dflt = defaultScreen dpy
    rootw <- rootWindow dpy dflt
    replace dpy dflt rootw
 -- | Signal compliant window managers to exit.
 replace :: Display -> ScreenNumber -> Window -> IO ()
 replace dpy dflt rootw = do
    -- check for other WM
    wmSnAtom <- internAtom dpy ("WM_S" ++ show dflt) False
    currentWmSnOwner <- xGetSelectionOwner dpy wmSnAtom
    when (currentWmSnOwner /= 0) $ do
        -- prepare to receive destroyNotify for old WM
        selectInput dpy currentWmSnOwner structureNotifyMask
        -- create off-screen window
        netWmSnOwner <- allocaSetWindowAttributes $ \attributes -> do
            set_override_redirect attributes True
            set_event_mask attributes propertyChangeMask
            let screen = defaultScreenOfDisplay dpy
                visual = defaultVisualOfScreen screen
                attrmask = cWOverrideRedirect .|. cWEventMask
            createWindow dpy rootw (-100) (-100) 1 1 0 copyFromParent copyFromParent visual attrmask attributes
        -- try to acquire wmSnAtom, this should signal the old WM to terminate
        xSetSelectionOwner dpy wmSnAtom netWmSnOwner currentTime
        -- SKIPPED: check if we acquired the selection
        -- SKIPPED: send client message indicating that we are now the WM
        -- wait for old WM to go away
        fix $ \again -> do
            evt <- allocaXEvent $ \event -> do
                windowEvent dpy currentWmSnOwner structureNotifyMask event
                get_EventType event
            when (evt /= destroyNotify) again
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- Utilities
-- | Return workspace visible on screen @sc@, or 'Nothing'.
+-- | Return workspace visible on screen 'sc', or 'Nothing'.
 screenWorkspace :: ScreenId -> X (Maybe WorkspaceId)
 screenWorkspace sc = withWindowSet $ return . W.lookupWorkspace sc
@ -607,14 +418,7 @@ screenWorkspace sc = withWindowSet $ return . W.lookupWorkspace sc
 withFocused :: (Window -> X ()) -> X ()
 withFocused f = withWindowSet $ \w -> whenJust (W.peek w) f
-- | Apply an 'X' operation to all unfocused windows on the current workspace, if there are any.
+-- | 'True' if window is under management by us
 withUnfocused :: (Window -> X ()) -> X ()
 withUnfocused f = withWindowSet $ \ws ->
    whenJust (W.peek ws) $ \w ->
        let unfocusedWindows = filter (/= w) $ W.index ws
        in mapM_ f unfocusedWindows
 -- | Is the window is under management by xmonad?
 isClient :: Window -> X Bool
 isClient w = withWindowSet $ return . W.member w
@ -625,20 +429,16 @@ extraModifiers = do
    nlm <- gets numberlockMask
    return [0, nlm, lockMask, nlm .|. lockMask ]
-- | Strip numlock\/capslock from a mask.
+-- | Strip numlock\/capslock from a mask
 cleanMask :: KeyMask -> X KeyMask
 cleanMask km = do
    nlm <- gets numberlockMask
    return (complement (nlm .|. lockMask) .&. km)
-- | Set the 'Pixel' alpha value to 255.
+-- | Get the 'Pixel' value for a named color
 setPixelSolid :: Pixel -> Pixel
 setPixelSolid p = p .|. 0xff000000
 -- | Get the 'Pixel' value for a named color.
 initColor :: Display -> String -> IO (Maybe Pixel)
 initColor dpy c = C.handle (\(C.SomeException _) -> return Nothing) $
-    Just . setPixelSolid . color_pixel . fst <$> allocNamedColor dpy colormap c
+    (Just . color_pixel . fst) <$> allocNamedColor dpy colormap c
    where colormap = defaultColormap dpy (defaultScreen dpy)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ -658,9 +458,9 @@ writeStateToFile = do
        maybeShow _ = Nothing
        wsData   = W.mapLayout show . windowset
-        extState = mapMaybe maybeShow . M.toList . extensibleState
+        extState = catMaybes . map maybeShow . M.toList . extensibleState
-    path <- asks $ stateFileName . directories
+    path  <- stateFileName
    stateData <- gets (\s -> StateFile (wsData s) (extState s))
    catchIO (writeFile path $ show stateData)
@ -668,7 +468,7 @@ writeStateToFile = do
 -- return that state.  The state file is removed after reading it.
 readStateFile :: (LayoutClass l Window, Read (l Window)) => XConfig l -> X (Maybe XState)
 readStateFile xmc = do
-    path <- asks $ stateFileName . directories
+    path <- stateFileName
    -- I'm trying really hard here to make sure we read the entire
    -- contents of the file before it is removed from the file system.
@ -701,8 +501,23 @@ readStateFile xmc = do
    readStrict :: Handle -> IO String
    readStrict h = hGetContents h >>= \s -> length s `seq` return s
-- | @restart name resume@ attempts to restart xmonad by executing the program
+-- | Migrate state from a previously running xmonad instance that used
-- @name@. If @resume@ is 'True', restart with the current window state.
+-- the older @--resume@ technique.
 {-# DEPRECATED migrateState "will be removed some point in the future." #-}
 migrateState :: (Functor m, MonadIO m) => String -> String -> m ()
 migrateState ws xs = do
    io (putStrLn "WARNING: --resume is no longer supported.")
    whenJust stateData $ \s -> do
      path <- stateFileName
      catchIO (writeFile path $ show s)
  where
    stateData = StateFile <$> maybeRead ws <*> maybeRead xs
    maybeRead s = case reads s of
                    [(x, "")] -> Just x
                    _         -> Nothing
 -- | @restart name resume@. Attempt to restart xmonad by executing the program
 -- @name@.  If @resume@ is 'True', restart with the current window state.
 -- When executing another window manager, @resume@ should be 'False'.
 restart :: String -> Bool -> X ()
 restart prog resume = do
@ -712,49 +527,33 @@ restart prog resume = do
    catchIO (executeFile prog True [] Nothing)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Floating layer support
+-- | Floating layer support
 -- | Given a window, find the screen it is located on, and compute
-- the geometry of that window WRT that screen.
+-- the geometry of that window wrt. that screen.
 floatLocation :: Window -> X (ScreenId, W.RationalRect)
 floatLocation w =
    catchX go $ do
      -- Fallback solution if `go' fails.  Which it might, since it
      -- calls `getWindowAttributes'.
-      sc <- gets $ W.current . windowset
+      sc <- W.current <$> gets windowset
      return (W.screen sc, W.RationalRect 0 0 1 1)
-  where go = withDisplay $ \d -> do
+  where fi x = fromIntegral x
        go = withDisplay $ \d -> do
          ws <- gets windowset
          sh <- io $ getWMNormalHints d w
          wa <- io $ getWindowAttributes d w
          let bw = (fromIntegral . wa_border_width) wa
-          point_sc <- pointScreen (fi $ wa_x wa) (fi $ wa_y wa)
+          sc <- fromMaybe (W.current ws) <$> pointScreen (fi $ wa_x wa) (fi $ wa_y wa)
          managed <- isClient w
-          -- ignore pointScreen for new windows unless it's the current
+          let sr = screenRect . W.screenDetail $ sc
-          -- screen, otherwise the float's relative size is computed against
+              rr = W.RationalRect ((fi (wa_x wa) - fi (rect_x sr)) % fi (rect_width sr))
-          -- a different screen and the float ends up with the wrong size
+                                  ((fi (wa_y wa) - fi (rect_y sr)) % fi (rect_height sr))
-          let sr_eq = (==) `on` fmap (screenRect . W.screenDetail)
+                                  (fi (wa_width  wa + bw*2) % fi (rect_width sr))
-              sc = fromMaybe (W.current ws) $
+                                  (fi (wa_height wa + bw*2) % fi (rect_height sr))
                  if managed || point_sc `sr_eq` Just (W.current ws) then point_sc else Nothing
              sr = screenRect . W.screenDetail $ sc
              x = (fi (wa_x wa) - fi (rect_x sr)) % fi (rect_width sr)
              y = (fi (wa_y wa) - fi (rect_y sr)) % fi (rect_height sr)
              (width, height) = applySizeHintsContents sh (wa_width wa, wa_height wa)
              rwidth  = fi (width + bw*2) % fi (rect_width sr)
              rheight = fi (height + bw*2) % fi (rect_height sr)
              -- adjust x/y of unmanaged windows if we ignored or didn't get pointScreen,
              -- it might be out of bounds otherwise
              rr = if managed || point_sc `sr_eq` Just sc
                  then W.RationalRect x y rwidth rheight
                  else W.RationalRect (0.5 - rwidth/2) (0.5 - rheight/2) rwidth rheight
          return (W.screen sc, rr)
        fi :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
        fi = fromIntegral
 -- | Given a point, determine the screen (if any) that contains it.
 pointScreen :: Position -> Position
            -> X (Maybe (W.Screen WorkspaceId (Layout Window) Window ScreenId ScreenDetail))
@ -785,20 +584,14 @@ float w = do
 -- | Accumulate mouse motion events
 mouseDrag :: (Position -> Position -> X ()) -> X () -> X ()
-mouseDrag = mouseDragCursor Nothing
+mouseDrag f done = do
 -- | Like 'mouseDrag', but with the ability to specify a custom cursor
 -- shape.
 mouseDragCursor :: Maybe Glyph -> (Position -> Position -> X ()) -> X () -> X ()
 mouseDragCursor cursorGlyph f done = do
    drag <- gets dragging
    case drag of
        Just _ -> return () -- error case? we're already dragging
        Nothing -> do
            XConf { theRoot = root, display = d } <- ask
-            io $ do cursor <- maybe (pure none) (createFontCursor d) cursorGlyph
+            io $ grabPointer d root False (buttonReleaseMask .|. pointerMotionMask)
-                    grabPointer d root False (buttonReleaseMask .|. pointerMotionMask)
+                    grabModeAsync grabModeAsync none none currentTime
                      grabModeAsync grabModeAsync none cursor currentTime
            modify $ \s -> s { dragging = Just (motion, cleanup) }
 where
    cleanup = do
@ -809,41 +602,39 @@ mouseDragCursor cursorGlyph f done = do
                    clearEvents pointerMotionMask
                    return z
-- | Drag the window under the cursor with the mouse while it is dragged.
+-- | drag the window under the cursor with the mouse while it is dragged
 mouseMoveWindow :: Window -> X ()
 mouseMoveWindow w = whenX (isClient w) $ withDisplay $ \d -> do
    io $ raiseWindow d w
    wa <- io $ getWindowAttributes d w
    (_, _, _, ox', oy', _, _, _) <- io $ queryPointer d w
    let ox = fromIntegral ox'
        oy = fromIntegral oy'
-    mouseDragCursor
+    mouseDrag (\ex ey -> do
              (Just xC_fleur)
              (\ex ey -> do
                  io $ moveWindow d w (fromIntegral (fromIntegral (wa_x wa) + (ex - ox)))
                                      (fromIntegral (fromIntegral (wa_y wa) + (ey - oy)))
                  float w
              )
              (float w)
-- | Resize the window under the cursor with the mouse while it is dragged.
+-- | resize the window under the cursor with the mouse while it is dragged
 mouseResizeWindow :: Window -> X ()
 mouseResizeWindow w = whenX (isClient w) $ withDisplay $ \d -> do
    io $ raiseWindow d w
    wa <- io $ getWindowAttributes d w
    sh <- io $ getWMNormalHints d w
    io $ warpPointer d none w 0 0 0 0 (fromIntegral (wa_width wa)) (fromIntegral (wa_height wa))
-    mouseDragCursor
+    mouseDrag (\ex ey -> do
              (Just xC_bottom_right_corner)
              (\ex ey -> do
                 io $ resizeWindow d w `uncurry`
                    applySizeHintsContents sh (ex - fromIntegral (wa_x wa),
                                               ey - fromIntegral (wa_y wa))
                 float w)
              (float w)
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Support for window size hints
+-- | Support for window size hints
 -- | An alias for a (width, height) pair
 type D = (Dimension, Dimension)
 -- | Given a window, build an adjuster function that will reduce the given
@ -853,7 +644,7 @@ mkAdjust w = withDisplay $ \d -> liftIO $ do
    sh <- getWMNormalHints d w
    wa <- C.try $ getWindowAttributes d w
    case wa of
-         Left (_ :: C.SomeException) -> return id
+         Left  err -> const (return id) (err :: C.SomeException)
         Right wa' ->
            let bw = fromIntegral $ wa_border_width wa'
            in  return $ applySizeHints bw sh
@ -871,7 +662,7 @@ applySizeHintsContents :: Integral a => SizeHints -> (a, a) -> D
 applySizeHintsContents sh (w, h) =
    applySizeHints' sh (fromIntegral $ max 1 w, fromIntegral $ max 1 h)
-- | Use X11 size hints to scale a pair of dimensions.
+-- | XXX comment me
 applySizeHints' :: SizeHints -> D -> D
 applySizeHints' sh =
      maybe id applyMaxSizeHint                   (sh_max_size   sh)
--- a/src/XMonad/StackSet.hs
+++ b/src/XMonad/StackSet.hs
@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE PatternGuards #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE DeriveFunctor #-}
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- |
@ -53,13 +52,9 @@ module XMonad.StackSet (
    ) where
 import Prelude hiding (filter)
 import Control.Applicative.Backwards (Backwards (Backwards, forwards))
 import Data.Foldable (foldr, toList)
 import Data.Maybe   (listToMaybe,isJust,fromMaybe)
 import qualified Data.List as L (deleteBy,find,splitAt,filter,nub)
 import Data.List ( (\\) )
 import qualified Data.List.NonEmpty as NE
 import Data.List.NonEmpty (NonEmpty((:|)))
 import qualified Data.Map  as M (Map,insert,delete,empty)
 -- $intro
@ -90,27 +85,25 @@ import qualified Data.Map  as M (Map,insert,delete,empty)
 --    continuation reified as a data structure.
 --
 --    The Zipper lets us replace an item deep in a complex data
--    structure, e.g., a tree or a term, without a mutation.  The
+--    structure, e.g., a tree or a term, without an  mutation.  The
 --    resulting data structure will share as much of its components with
 --    the old structure as possible.
 --
--      <https://mail.haskell.org/pipermail/haskell/2005-April/015769.html Oleg Kiselyov, 27 Apr 2005, haskell\@, "Zipper as a delimited continuation">
+--      Oleg Kiselyov, 27 Apr 2005, haskell\@, "Zipper as a delimited continuation"
 --
 -- We use the zipper to keep track of the focused workspace and the
 -- focused window on each workspace, allowing us to have correct focus
 -- by construction. We closely follow Huet's original implementation:
 --
--      <https://www.st.cs.uni-saarland.de/edu/seminare/2005/advanced-fp/docs/huet-zipper.pdf G. Huet, Functional Pearl: The Zipper; 1997, J. Functional Programming 75(5):549–554>
+--      G. Huet, /Functional Pearl: The Zipper/,
 --      1997, J. Functional Programming 75(5):549-554.
 -- and:
 --      R. Hinze and J. Jeuring, /Functional Pearl: The Web/.
 --
-- and
+-- and Conor McBride's zipper differentiation paper.
 -- Another good reference is:
 --
--      <https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/2532 R. Hinze and J. Jeuring, Functional Pearl: Weaving a Web>
+--      The Zipper, Haskell wikibook
 --
 -- and
 --
 --      <http://strictlypositive.org/diff.pdf Conor McBride, The Derivative of a Regular Type is its Type of One-Hole Contexts>.
 --
 -- Another good reference is: <https://wiki.haskell.org/Zipper The Zipper, Haskell wikibook>
 -- $xinerama
 -- Xinerama in X11 lets us view multiple virtual workspaces
@ -158,7 +151,7 @@ data Workspace i l a = Workspace  { tag :: !i, layout :: l, stack :: Maybe (Stac
    deriving (Show, Read, Eq)
 -- | A structure for window geometries
-data RationalRect = RationalRect !Rational !Rational !Rational !Rational
+data RationalRect = RationalRect Rational Rational Rational Rational
    deriving (Show, Read, Eq)
 -- |
@ -182,19 +175,8 @@ data RationalRect = RationalRect !Rational !Rational !Rational !Rational
 data Stack a = Stack { focus  :: !a        -- focused thing in this set
                     , up     :: [a]       -- clowns to the left
                     , down   :: [a] }     -- jokers to the right
-    deriving (Show, Read, Eq, Functor)
+    deriving (Show, Read, Eq)
 instance Foldable Stack where
    toList = integrate
    foldr f z = foldr f z . toList
 instance Traversable Stack where
    traverse f s =
        flip Stack
            -- 'Backwards' applies the Applicative in reverse order.
            <$> forwards (traverse (Backwards . f) (up s))
            <*> f (focus s)
            <*> traverse f (down s)
 -- | this function indicates to catch that an error is expected
 abort :: String -> a
@ -212,11 +194,10 @@ abort x = error $ "xmonad: StackSet: " ++ x
 -- Xinerama: Virtual workspaces are assigned to physical screens, starting at 0.
 --
 new :: (Integral s) => l -> [i] -> [sd] -> StackSet i l a s sd
-new l (wid:wids) (m:ms) | length ms <= length wids
+new l wids m | not (null wids) && length m <= length wids && not (null m)
-  = StackSet cur visi (map ws unseen) M.empty
+  = StackSet cur visi unseen M.empty
-  where ws i = Workspace i l Nothing
+  where (seen,unseen) = L.splitAt (length m) $ map (\i -> Workspace i l Nothing) wids
-        (seen, unseen) = L.splitAt (length ms) wids
+        (cur:visi)    = [ Screen i s sd |  (i, s, sd) <- zip3 seen [0..] m ]
        cur:visi = Screen (ws wid) 0 m : [ Screen (ws i) s sd | (i, s, sd) <- zip3 seen [1..] ms ]
                -- now zip up visibles with their screen id
 new _ _ _ = abort "non-positive argument to StackSet.new"
@ -243,7 +224,7 @@ view i s
    | otherwise = s -- not a member of the stackset
-  where equating f x y = f x == f y
+  where equating f = \x y -> f x == f y
    -- 'Catch'ing this might be hard. Relies on monotonically increasing
    -- workspace tags defined in 'new'
@ -316,7 +297,7 @@ integrate :: Stack a -> [a]
 integrate (Stack x l r) = reverse l ++ x : r
 -- |
-- /O(n)/. Flatten a possibly empty stack into a list.
+-- /O(n)/ Flatten a possibly empty stack into a list.
 integrate' :: Maybe (Stack a) -> [a]
 integrate' = maybe [] integrate
@ -348,44 +329,32 @@ filter p (Stack f ls rs) = case L.filter p (f:rs) of
 index :: StackSet i l a s sd -> [a]
 index = with [] integrate
-- | /O(1), O(w) on the wrapping case/. Move the window focus up the
+-- |
-- stack, wrapping if we reach the end. The wrapping should model a
+-- /O(1), O(w) on the wrapping case/.
-- @cycle@ on the current stack. The @master@ window and window order
+--
 -- focusUp, focusDown. Move the window focus up or down the stack,
 -- wrapping if we reach the end. The wrapping should model a 'cycle'
 -- on the current stack. The 'master' window, and window order,
 -- are unaffected by movement of focus.
-focusUp :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
+--
 -- swapUp, swapDown, swap the neighbour in the stack ordering, wrapping
 -- if we reach the end. Again the wrapping model should 'cycle' on
 -- the current stack.
 --
 focusUp, focusDown, swapUp, swapDown :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
 focusUp   = modify' focusUp'
 -- | /O(1), O(w) on the wrapping case/. Like 'focusUp', but move the
 -- window focus down the stack.
 focusDown :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
 focusDown = modify' focusDown'
 -- | /O(1), O(w) on the wrapping case/. Swap the upwards (left)
 -- neighbour in the stack ordering, wrapping if we reach the end. Much
 -- like for 'focusUp' and 'focusDown', the wrapping model should 'cycle'
 -- on the current stack.
 swapUp :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
 swapUp    = modify' swapUp'
 -- | /O(1), O(w) on the wrapping case/. Like 'swapUp', but for swapping
 -- the downwards (right) neighbour.
 swapDown :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
 swapDown  = modify' (reverseStack . swapUp' . reverseStack)
-- | A variant of 'focusUp' with the same asymptotics that works on a
+-- | Variants of 'focusUp' and 'focusDown' that work on a
 -- 'Stack' rather than an entire 'StackSet'.
-focusUp' :: Stack a -> Stack a
+focusUp', focusDown' :: Stack a -> Stack a
 focusUp' (Stack t (l:ls) rs) = Stack l ls (t:rs)
-focusUp' (Stack t []     rs) = Stack x xs []
+focusUp' (Stack t []     rs) = Stack x xs [] where (x:xs) = reverse (t:rs)
-  where (x :| xs) = NE.reverse (t :| rs)
+focusDown'                   = reverseStack . focusUp' . reverseStack
 -- | A variant of 'focusDown' with the same asymptotics that works on a
 -- 'Stack' rather than an entire 'StackSet'.
 focusDown' :: Stack a -> Stack a
 focusDown' = reverseStack . focusUp' . reverseStack
 -- | A variant of 'spawUp' with the same asymptotics that works on a
 -- 'Stack' rather than an entire 'StackSet'.
 swapUp' :: Stack a -> Stack a
 swapUp'  (Stack t (l:ls) rs) = Stack t ls (l:rs)
 swapUp'  (Stack t []     rs) = Stack t (reverse rs) []
@ -539,8 +508,8 @@ sink w s = s { floating = M.delete w (floating s) }
 -- Focus stays with the item moved.
 swapMaster :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
 swapMaster = modify' $ \c -> case c of
-    Stack _ []     _  -> c    -- already master.
+    Stack _ [] _  -> c    -- already master.
-    Stack t (l:ls) rs -> Stack t [] (xs ++ x : rs) where (x :| xs) = NE.reverse (l :| ls)
+    Stack t ls rs -> Stack t [] (xs ++ x : rs) where (x:xs) = reverse ls
 -- natural! keep focus, move current to the top, move top to current.
@ -556,8 +525,8 @@ shiftMaster = modify' $ \c -> case c of
 -- | /O(s)/. Set focus to the master window.
 focusMaster :: StackSet i l a s sd -> StackSet i l a s sd
 focusMaster = modify' $ \c -> case c of
-    Stack _ []     _  -> c
+    Stack _ [] _  -> c
-    Stack t (l:ls) rs -> Stack x [] (xs ++ t : rs) where (x :| xs) = NE.reverse (l :| ls)
+    Stack t ls rs -> Stack x [] (xs ++ t : rs) where (x:xs) = reverse ls
 --
 -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
--- a/stack.yaml
+++ b/stack.yaml
@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-resolver: lts-21.12
+resolver: lts-7.19
 packages:
- ./
+  - ./
 extra-deps:
- X11-1.10
+  - X11-1.8
 nix:
  packages:
    - zlib
    - xorg.libX11
    - xorg.libXrandr
    - xorg.libXScrnSaver
    - xorg.libXext
--- a/tests/Instances.hs
+++ b/tests/Instances.hs
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ instance (Integral i, Integral s, Eq a, Arbitrary a, Arbitrary l, Arbitrary sd)
      -- Pick a random window "number" in each workspace, to give focus.
      focus <- sequence [ if null windows
                          then return Nothing
-                          else Just <$> choose (0, length windows - 1)
+                          else liftM Just $ choose (0, length windows - 1)
                        | windows <- wsWindows ]
      let tags = [1 .. fromIntegral numWs]
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ newtype NonEmptyWindowsStackSet = NonEmptyWindowsStackSet T
 instance Arbitrary NonEmptyWindowsStackSet where
  arbitrary =
-    NonEmptyWindowsStackSet <$> (arbitrary `suchThat` (not . null . allWindows))
+    NonEmptyWindowsStackSet `fmap` (arbitrary `suchThat` (not . null . allWindows))
 instance Arbitrary Rectangle where
    arbitrary = Rectangle <$> arbitrary <*> arbitrary <*> arbitrary <*> arbitrary
@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ newtype NonEmptyNubList a = NonEmptyNubList [a]
    deriving ( Eq, Ord, Show, Read )
 instance (Eq a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonEmptyNubList a) where
-  arbitrary = NonEmptyNubList <$> ((nub <$> arbitrary) `suchThat` (not . null))
+  arbitrary   = NonEmptyNubList `fmap` ((liftM nub arbitrary) `suchThat` (not . null))
@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ arbitraryTag :: T -> Gen Tag
 arbitraryTag x = do
  let ts = tags x
  -- There must be at least 1 workspace, thus at least 1 tag.
-  idx <- choose (0, length ts - 1)
+  idx <- choose (0, (length ts) - 1)
  return $ ts!!idx
 -- | Pull out an arbitrary window from a StackSet that is guaranteed to have a
@ -136,5 +136,5 @@ arbitraryWindow :: NonEmptyWindowsStackSet -> Gen Window
 arbitraryWindow (NonEmptyWindowsStackSet x) = do
  let ws = allWindows x
  -- We know that there are at least 1 window in a NonEmptyWindowsStackSet.
-  idx <- choose (0, length ws - 1)
+  idx <- choose(0, (length ws) - 1)
  return $ ws!!idx
--- a/tests/Properties.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties.hs
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import Test.QuickCheck
-- Our QC instances and properties:
+-- Our QC instances and properties.
 import Instances
 import Properties.Delete
 import Properties.Failure
@ -166,16 +166,11 @@ tests =
  -- tall layout
  ,("tile 1 window fullsize", property prop_tile_fullscreen)
  ,("tile max ratio",         property prop_tile_max_ratio)
  ,("tile min ratio",         property prop_tile_min_ratio)
  ,("tiles never overlap",    property prop_tile_non_overlap)
  ,("split horizontal",       property prop_split_horizontal)
  ,("split vertical",         property prop_split_vertical)
-  ,("pure layout tall",            property prop_purelayout_tall)
+  ,("pure layout tall",       property prop_purelayout_tall)
    {- Following two test cases should be automatically generated by QuickCheck ideally, but it fails. -}
  ,("pure layout tall: ratio = 0", property (\n d rect -> prop_purelayout_tall n d 0 rect))
  ,("pure layout tall: ratio = 1", property (\n d rect -> prop_purelayout_tall n d 1 rect))
  ,("send shrink    tall",    property prop_shrink_tall)
  ,("send expand    tall",    property prop_expand_tall)
  ,("send incmaster tall",    property prop_incmaster_tall)
@ -201,5 +196,6 @@ tests =
  ,("pointWithin",        property prop_point_within)
  ,("pointWithin mirror", property prop_point_within_mirror)
-  ] <>
+  ]
-  prop_laws_Stack
+
--- a/tests/Properties/Delete.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Delete.hs
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ prop_delete x =
    where _ = x :: T
 -- delete is reversible with 'insert'.
-- It is the identity, except for the 'master', which is reset on insert and delete.
+-- It is the identiy, except for the 'master', which is reset on insert and delete.
 --
 prop_delete_insert (x :: T) =
    case peek x of
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ prop_delete_focus_not_end = do
       -- last one in the stack.
       `suchThat` \(x' :: T) ->
         let currWins = index x'
-         in length currWins >= 2 && peek x' /= Just (last currWins)
+         in length (currWins) >= 2 && peek x' /= Just (last currWins)
  -- This is safe, as we know there are >= 2 windows
  let Just n = peek x
  return $ peek (delete n x) == peek (focusDown x)
--- a/tests/Properties/Failure.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Failure.hs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module Properties.Failure where
 import XMonad.StackSet hiding (filter)
-import qualified Control.Exception as C
+import qualified Control.Exception.Extensible as C
 import System.IO.Unsafe
 import Data.List (isPrefixOf)
--- a/tests/Properties/Focus.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Focus.hs
@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ prop_focusWindow_master (NonNegative n) (x :: T) =
                   in index (focusWindow (s !! i) x) == index x
 -- shifting focus is trivially reversible
-prop_focus_left  (x :: T) = focusUp  (focusDown x) == x
+prop_focus_left  (x :: T) = (focusUp  (focusDown x)) == x
-prop_focus_right (x :: T) = focusDown (focusUp  x) == x
+prop_focus_right (x :: T) = (focusDown (focusUp  x)) ==  x
 -- focus master is idempotent
 prop_focusMaster_idem (x :: T) = focusMaster x == focusMaster (focusMaster x)
@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ prop_focusWindow_works (NonNegative (n :: Int)) (x :: T) =
                   in (focus . fromJust . stack . workspace . current) (focusWindow (s !! i) x) == (s !! i)
 -- rotation through the height of a stack gets us back to the start
-prop_focus_all_l (x :: T) = foldr (const focusUp) x [1..n] == x
+prop_focus_all_l (x :: T) = (foldr (const focusUp) x [1..n]) == x
  where n = length (index x)
-prop_focus_all_r (x :: T) = foldr (const focusDown) x [1..n] == x
+prop_focus_all_r (x :: T) = (foldr (const focusDown) x [1..n]) == x
  where n = length (index x)
 -- prop_rotate_all (x :: T) = f (f x) == f x
--- a/tests/Properties/GreedyView.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/GreedyView.hs
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ prop_greedyView_local  (x :: T) = do
 -- greedyView is idempotent
 prop_greedyView_idem (x :: T) = do
  n <- arbitraryTag x
-  return $ greedyView n (greedyView n x) == greedyView n x
+  return $ greedyView n (greedyView n x) == (greedyView n x)
 -- greedyView is reversible, though shuffles the order of hidden/visible
 prop_greedyView_reversible (x :: T) = do
--- a/tests/Properties/Insert.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Insert.hs
@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ prop_insert_delete x = do
 -- inserting n elements increases current stack size by n
 prop_size_insert is (EmptyStackSet x) =
-        size (foldr insertUp x ws) == length ws
+        size (foldr insertUp x ws ) ==  (length ws)
  where
    ws   = nub is
    size = length . index
--- a/tests/Properties/Layout/Full.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Layout/Full.hs
@ -29,6 +29,6 @@ prop_purelayout_full rect = do
 -- what happens when we send an IncMaster message to Full --- Nothing
 prop_sendmsg_full (NonNegative k) =
-         isNothing (Full `pureMessage` SomeMessage (IncMasterN k))
+         isNothing (Full `pureMessage` (SomeMessage (IncMasterN k)))
 prop_desc_full = description Full == show Full
--- a/tests/Properties/Layout/Tall.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Layout/Tall.hs
@ -11,9 +11,8 @@ import XMonad.Layout
 import Graphics.X11.Xlib.Types (Rectangle(..))
 import Control.Applicative
 import Data.List (sort)
 import Data.Maybe
 import Data.List (sort)
 import Data.Ratio
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ -28,30 +27,14 @@ prop_tile_non_overlap rect windows nmaster = noOverlaps (tile pct rect nmaster w
  where _ = rect :: Rectangle
        pct = 3 % 100
 -- with a ratio of 1, no stack windows are drawn of there is at least
 -- one master window around.
 prop_tile_max_ratio = extremeRatio 1 drop
 -- with a ratio of 0, no master windows are drawn at all if there are
 -- any stack windows around.
 prop_tile_min_ratio = extremeRatio 0 take
 extremeRatio amount getRects rect = do
    w@(NonNegative windows) <- arbitrary `suchThat` (> NonNegative 0)
    NonNegative nmaster     <- arbitrary `suchThat` (< w)
    let tiled = tile amount rect nmaster windows
    pure $ if   nmaster == 0
           then prop_tile_non_overlap rect windows nmaster
           else all ((== 0) . rect_width) $ getRects nmaster tiled
 -- splitting horizontally yields sensible results
 prop_split_horizontal (NonNegative n) x =
-      noOverflows (+) (rect_x x) (rect_width x) ==>
+      (noOverflows (+) (rect_x x) (rect_width x)) ==>
        sum (map rect_width xs) == rect_width x
     &&
-        all (\s -> rect_height s == rect_height x) xs
+        all (== rect_height x) (map rect_height xs)
     &&
-        map rect_x xs == sort (map rect_x xs)
+        (map rect_x xs) == (sort $ map rect_x xs)
    where
        xs = splitHorizontally n x
@ -66,20 +49,13 @@ prop_split_vertical (r :: Rational) x =
 -- pureLayout works.
-prop_purelayout_tall n d r rect = do
+prop_purelayout_tall n r1 r2 rect = do
  x <- (arbitrary :: Gen T) `suchThat` (isJust . peek)
-  let layout = Tall n d r
+  let layout = Tall n r1 r2
      st = fromJust . stack . workspace . current $ x
      ts = pureLayout layout rect st
      ntotal = length (index x)
  return $
-       (if r == 0 then
+        length ts == length (index x)
          -- (<=) for Bool is the logical implication
          (0 <= n && n <= ntotal) <= (length ts == ntotal - n)
        else if r == 1 then
          (0 <= n && n <= ntotal) <= (length ts == n)
        else
          length ts == ntotal)
      &&
        noOverlaps (map snd ts)
      &&
@ -96,7 +72,7 @@ prop_shrink_tall (NonNegative n) (Positive delta) (NonNegative frac) =
        -- remaining fraction should shrink
    where
         l1                   = Tall n delta frac
-         Just l2@(Tall n' delta' frac') = l1 `pureMessage` SomeMessage Shrink
+         Just l2@(Tall n' delta' frac') = l1 `pureMessage` (SomeMessage Shrink)
        --  pureMessage :: layout a -> SomeMessage -> Maybe (layout a)
@ -117,7 +93,7 @@ prop_expand_tall (NonNegative n)
    where
         frac                 = min 1 (n1 % d1)
         l1                   = Tall n delta frac
-         Just l2@(Tall n' delta' frac') = l1 `pureMessage` SomeMessage Expand
+         Just l2@(Tall n' delta' frac') = l1 `pureMessage` (SomeMessage Expand)
        --  pureMessage :: layout a -> SomeMessage -> Maybe (layout a)
 -- what happens when we send an IncMaster message to Tall
@ -126,7 +102,7 @@ prop_incmaster_tall (NonNegative n) (Positive delta) (NonNegative frac)
       delta == delta'  && frac == frac' && n' == n + k
    where
         l1                   = Tall n delta frac
-         Just l2@(Tall n' delta' frac') = l1 `pureMessage` SomeMessage (IncMasterN k)
+         Just l2@(Tall n' delta' frac') = l1 `pureMessage` (SomeMessage (IncMasterN k))
        --  pureMessage :: layout a -> SomeMessage -> Maybe (layout a)
--- a/tests/Properties/Screen.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Screen.hs
@ -52,14 +52,15 @@ prop_aspect_hint_shrink hint (w,h) = case applyAspectHint hint (w,h) of
 -- applyAspectHint does nothing when the supplied (x,y) fits
 -- the desired range
 prop_aspect_fits =
-    forAll ((,,,) <$> pos <*> pos <*> pos <*> pos) $ \ (x,y,a,b) ->
+    forAll ((,,,) <$> pos <*> pos <*> pos <*> pos) $ \ (x,y,a,b) -> 
-    let f = applyAspectHint ((x, y+a), (x+b, y))
+    let f v = applyAspectHint ((x, y+a), (x+b, y)) v
-    in  noOverflows (*) x (y+a) && noOverflows (*) (x+b) y
+    in  and [ noOverflows (*) x (y+a), noOverflows (*) (x+b) y ]
            ==> f (x,y) == (x,y)
  where pos = choose (0, 65535)
        mul a b = toInteger (a*b) /= toInteger a * toInteger b
-prop_point_within r@(Rectangle x y w h) =
+prop_point_within r @ (Rectangle x y w h) =
    forAll ((,) <$>
              choose (0, fromIntegral w - 1) <*>
              choose (0, fromIntegral h - 1)) $
--- a/tests/Properties/Shift.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Shift.hs
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ prop_shift_reversible (x :: T) = do
 -- shiftMaster
 -- focus/local/idempotent same as swapMaster:
-prop_shift_master_focus (x :: T) = peek x == peek (shiftMaster x)
+prop_shift_master_focus (x :: T) = peek x == (peek $ shiftMaster x)
 prop_shift_master_local (x :: T) = hidden_spaces x == hidden_spaces (shiftMaster x)
 prop_shift_master_idempotent (x :: T) = shiftMaster (shiftMaster x) == shiftMaster x
 -- ordering is constant modulo the focused window:
@ -57,14 +57,14 @@ prop_shift_win_fix_current = do
  x <- arbitrary `suchThat` \(x' :: T) ->
         -- Invariant, otherWindows are NOT in the current workspace.
         let otherWindows = allWindows x' L.\\ index x'
-         in  length (tags x') >= 2 && not (null otherWindows)
+         in  length(tags x') >= 2 && length(otherWindows) >= 1
  -- Sadly we have to construct `otherWindows` again, for the actual StackSet
  -- that got chosen.
  let otherWindows = allWindows x L.\\ index x
  -- We know such tag must exists, due to the precondition
  n <- arbitraryTag x `suchThat` (/= currentTag x)
  -- we know length is >= 1, from above precondition
-  idx <- choose (0, length otherWindows - 1)
+  idx <- choose(0, length(otherWindows) - 1)
  let w = otherWindows !! idx
-  return $ current x == current (shiftWin n w x)
+  return $ (current $ x) == (current $ shiftWin n w x)
--- a/tests/Properties/Stack.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Stack.hs
@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 {-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
 module Properties.Stack where
 import Test.QuickCheck
@ -11,18 +9,12 @@ import qualified XMonad.StackSet as S (filter)
 import Data.Maybe
 import Data.Proxy
 import Test.QuickCheck.Classes (
    Laws (lawsTypeclass, lawsProperties), Proxy1 (Proxy1),
    foldableLaws, traversableLaws,
    )
 -- The list returned by index should be the same length as the actual
 -- windows kept in the zipper
 prop_index_length (x :: T) =
    case stack . workspace . current $ x of
-        Nothing -> null (index x)
+        Nothing   -> length (index x) == 0
        Just it -> length (index x) == length (focus it : up it ++ down it)
@ -41,7 +33,7 @@ prop_allWindowsMember (NonEmptyWindowsStackSet x) = do
      -- which is a key component in this test (together with member).
  let ws = allWindows x
  -- We know that there are at least 1 window in a NonEmptyWindowsStackSet.
-  idx <- choose (0, length ws - 1)
+  idx <- choose(0, (length ws) - 1)
  return $ member (ws!!idx) x
@ -54,24 +46,6 @@ prop_filter_order (x :: T) =
 -- differentiate should return Nothing if the list is empty or Just stack, with
 -- the first element of the list is current, and the rest of the list is down.
 prop_differentiate xs =
-        if null xs then isNothing (differentiate xs)
+        if null xs then differentiate xs == Nothing
-                   else differentiate xs == Just (Stack (head xs) [] (tail xs))
+                   else (differentiate xs) == Just (Stack (head xs) [] (tail xs))
    where _ = xs :: [Int]
 -- Check type class laws of 'Data.Foldable.Foldable' and 'Data.Traversable.Traversable'.
 newtype TestStack a = TestStack (Stack a)
    deriving (Eq, Read, Show, Foldable, Functor)
 instance (Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (TestStack a) where
   arbitrary = TestStack <$> (Stack <$> arbitrary <*> arbitrary <*> arbitrary)
   shrink = traverse shrink
 instance Traversable TestStack where
   traverse f (TestStack sx) = fmap TestStack (traverse f sx)
 prop_laws_Stack = format (foldableLaws p) <> format (traversableLaws p)
  where
    p = Proxy :: Proxy TestStack
    format laws = [ ("Stack: " <> lawsTypeclass laws <> ": " <> name, prop)
                  | (name, prop) <- lawsProperties laws ]
--- a/tests/Properties/StackSet.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/StackSet.hs
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ invariant (s :: T) = and
 --  inBounds  = and [ w >=0 && w < size s | (w,sc) <- M.assocs (screens s) ]
 monotonic []       = True
-monotonic [x]      = True
+monotonic (x:[])   = True
 monotonic (x:y:zs) | x == y-1  = monotonic (y:zs)
                   | otherwise = False
@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ prop_empty (EmptyStackSet x) =
 prop_empty_current (EmptyStackSet x) = currentTag x == head (tags x)
 -- no windows will be a member of an empty workspace
-prop_member_empty i (EmptyStackSet x) = not (member i x)
+prop_member_empty i (EmptyStackSet x) = member i x == False
 -- peek either yields nothing on the Empty workspace, or Just a valid window
 prop_member_peek (x :: T) =
--- a/tests/Properties/Swap.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/Swap.hs
@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import XMonad.StackSet hiding (filter)
 -- swapUp, swapDown, swapMaster: reordiring windows
 -- swap is trivially reversible
-prop_swap_left  (x :: T) = swapUp  (swapDown x) == x
+prop_swap_left  (x :: T) = (swapUp  (swapDown x)) == x
-prop_swap_right (x :: T) = swapDown (swapUp  x) ==  x
+prop_swap_right (x :: T) = (swapDown (swapUp  x)) ==  x
 -- TODO swap is reversible
 -- swap is reversible, but involves moving focus back the window with
 -- master on it. easy to do with a mouse...
@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ prop_promote_reversible x b = (not . null . fromMaybe [] . flip index x . curren
 -}
 -- swap doesn't change focus
-prop_swap_master_focus (x :: T) = peek x == peek (swapMaster x)
+prop_swap_master_focus (x :: T) = peek x == (peek $ swapMaster x)
 --    = case peek x of
 --        Nothing -> True
 --        Just f  -> focus (stack (workspace $ current (swap x))) == f
-prop_swap_left_focus   (x :: T) = peek x == peek (swapUp   x)
+prop_swap_left_focus   (x :: T) = peek x == (peek $ swapUp   x)
-prop_swap_right_focus  (x :: T) = peek x == peek (swapDown  x)
+prop_swap_right_focus  (x :: T) = peek x == (peek $ swapDown  x)
 -- swap is local
 prop_swap_master_local (x :: T) = hidden_spaces x == hidden_spaces (swapMaster x)
@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ prop_swap_left_local   (x :: T) = hidden_spaces x == hidden_spaces (swapUp   x)
 prop_swap_right_local  (x :: T) = hidden_spaces x == hidden_spaces (swapDown  x)
 -- rotation through the height of a stack gets us back to the start
-prop_swap_all_l (x :: T) = foldr (const swapUp)  x [1..n] == x
+prop_swap_all_l (x :: T) = (foldr (const swapUp)  x [1..n]) == x
  where n = length (index x)
-prop_swap_all_r (x :: T) = foldr (const swapDown) x [1..n] == x
+prop_swap_all_r (x :: T) = (foldr (const swapDown) x [1..n]) == x
  where n = length (index x)
 prop_swap_master_idempotent (x :: T) = swapMaster (swapMaster x) == swapMaster x
--- a/tests/Properties/View.hs
+++ b/tests/Properties/View.hs
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ prop_view_local  (x :: T) = do
 -- view is idempotent
 prop_view_idem (x :: T) = do
    n <- arbitraryTag x
-    return $ view n (view n x) == view n x
+    return $ view n (view n x) == (view n x)
 -- view is reversible, though shuffles the order of hidden/visible
 prop_view_reversible (x :: T) = do
--- a/tests/Utils.hs
+++ b/tests/Utils.hs
@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ hidden_spaces x = map workspace (visible x) ++ hidden x
 -- normalise workspace list
 normal s = s { hidden = sortBy g (hidden s), visible = sortBy f (visible s) }
    where
-        f a b = tag (workspace a) `compare` tag (workspace b)
+        f = \a b -> tag (workspace a) `compare` tag (workspace b)
-        g a b = tag a `compare` tag b
+        g = \a b -> tag a `compare` tag b
 noOverlaps []  = True
--- a/util/GenerateManpage.hs
+++ b/util/GenerateManpage.hs
@ -1,20 +1,47 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env runhaskell
+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
-- Reads markdown (man/xmonad.1.markdown) from stdin, subtitutes
+-- Generates a in-memory version of "man/xmonad.1.markdown" that has the list
-- ___KEYBINDINGS___ for key-binding definitions generated from
+-- of known key-bindings is inserted automatically from "Config.hs". That
-- src/XMonad/Config.hs, prints result to stdout.
+-- document is then rendered with Pandoc as "man/xmonad.1" and
 -- "man/xmonad.1.html".
 --
 -- Unlike the rest of xmonad, this file is released under the GNU General
-- Public License version 2 or later. (Historical reasons, used to link with
+-- Public License version 2 or later.
 -- GPL-licensed pandoc.)
 import Control.Monad.IO.Class (liftIO)
 import Data.Char
 import Data.List
 import qualified Data.Text as T
 import qualified Data.Text.IO as TIO
 import Text.Pandoc
 import Text.Regex.Posix
 main :: IO ()
 main = do
    keybindings <- guessBindings
-    interact $ unlines . replace "___KEYBINDINGS___" keybindings . lines
+
    markdownSource <- readFile "./man/xmonad.1.markdown"
    runIOorExplode $ do
        parsed <- readMarkdown (def { readerStandalone = True, readerExtensions = pandocExtensions })
            . T.pack
            . unlines
            . replace "___KEYBINDINGS___" keybindings
            . lines
            $ markdownSource
        manTemplate <- getDefaultTemplate "man"
        manBody <- writeMan def { writerTemplate = Just manTemplate } parsed
        liftIO $ TIO.writeFile "./man/xmonad.1" $ manBody
        liftIO $ putStrLn "Documentation created: man/xmonad.1"
        htmltemplate <- getDefaultTemplate "html"
        htmlBody <- writeHtml5String def
                                     { writerTemplate = Just htmltemplate
                                     , writerTableOfContents = True }
                                     parsed
        liftIO $ TIO.writeFile "./man/xmonad.1.html" htmlBody
        liftIO $ putStrLn "Documentation created: man/xmonad.1.html"
 -- | The format for the docstrings in "Config.hs" takes the following form:
 --
@ -22,7 +49,7 @@ main = do
 --   -- mod-x %! Frob the whatsit
 -- @
 --
-- "Frob the whatsit" will be used as the description for keybinding "mod-x".
+-- "Frob the whatsit" will be used as the description for keybinding "mod-x".--
 -- If the name of the key binding is omitted, the function tries to guess it
 -- from the rest of the line. For example:
 --
@ -34,33 +61,25 @@ main = do
 guessBindings :: IO String
 guessBindings = do
-    buf <- readFile "./src/XMonad/Config.hs"
+  buf <- readFile "./src/XMonad/Config.hs"
-    return (intercalate "\n\n" (map markdownDefn (allBindings buf)))
+  return (intercalate "\n\n" (map markdownDefn (allBindings buf)))
 allBindings :: String -> [(String, String)]
-allBindings = concatMap parseLine . lines
+allBindings xs = map (binding . map trim) (xs =~ "(.*)--(.*)%!(.*)")
 binding :: [String] -> (String, String)
 binding [ _, bindingLine, "", desc ] = (guessKeys bindingLine, desc)
 binding [ _, _, keyCombo, desc ] = (keyCombo, desc)
 binding x = error ("binding: called with unexpected argument " ++ show x)
 guessKeys :: String -> String
 guessKeys line =
  case keys of
    [key] -> concat $ intersperse "-" (modifiers ++ [map toLower key])
    _     -> error ("guessKeys: unexpected number of keys " ++ show keys)
  where
-    parseLine :: String -> [(String, String)]
+    modifiers = map (!!1) (line =~ "(mod|shift|control)Mask")
-    parseLine l
+    (_, _, _, keys) = line =~ "xK_([_[:alnum:]]+)" :: (String, String, String, [String])
        | " -- " `isInfixOf` l
        , Just d <- parseDesc l = [(intercalate "-" (parseKeys l), d)]
        | otherwise = []
    parseDesc :: String -> Maybe String
    parseDesc = fmap (trim . drop 4) . find (" %! " `isPrefixOf`) . tails
    parseKeys :: String -> [String]
    parseKeys l = case lex l of
        [("", _)] -> []
        [("--", rest)] -> case words rest of
            k : "%!" : _ -> [k]
            _ -> []
        [(k, rest)] -> parseKey k ++ parseKeys rest
    parseKey :: String -> [String]
    parseKey k | "Mask" `isSuffixOf` k = [reverse (drop 4 (reverse k))]
               | "xK_"  `isPrefixOf` k = [map toLower (drop 3 k)]
               | otherwise             = []
 -- FIXME: What escaping should we be doing on these strings?
 markdownDefn :: (String, String) -> String
--- a/xmonad.cabal
+++ b/xmonad.cabal
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name:               xmonad
-version:            0.18.0.9
+version:            0.14.2
 synopsis:           A tiling window manager
 description:        xmonad is a tiling window manager for X. Windows are arranged
                    automatically to tile the screen without gaps or overlap, maximising
@ -25,34 +25,41 @@ author:             Spencer Janssen, Don Stewart, Adam Vogt, David Roundy, Jason
                    Jens Petersen, Joey Hess, Jonne Ransijn, Josh Holland, Khudyakov Alexey,
                    Klaus Weidner, Michael G. Sloan, Mikkel Christiansen, Nicolas Dudebout,
                    Ondřej Súkup, Paul Hebble, Shachaf Ben-Kiki, Siim Põder, Tim McIver,
-                    Trevor Elliott, Wouter Swierstra, Conrad Irwin, Tim Thelion, Tony Zorman
+                    Trevor Elliott, Wouter Swierstra, Conrad Irwin, Tim Thelion
 maintainer:         xmonad@haskell.org
-tested-with:        GHC == 8.6.5 || == 8.8.4 || == 8.10.7 || == 9.0.2 || == 9.2.8 || == 9.4.8 || == 9.6.7 || == 9.8.4 || == 9.10.2 || == 9.12.2
+tested-with:        GHC == 8.0.2, GHC == 8.2.2, GHC == 8.4.3, GHC == 8.6.1
 category:           System
 homepage:           http://xmonad.org
 bug-reports:        https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad/issues
 build-type:         Simple
 extra-source-files: README.md
                    CHANGES.md
-                    CONTRIBUTING.md
+                    CONFIG
-                    INSTALL.md
+                    STYLE
-                    MAINTAINERS.md
+                    tests/*.hs
-                    TUTORIAL.md
+                    tests/Properties/*.hs
                    tests/Properties/Layout/*.hs
                    man/xmonad.1.markdown
                    man/xmonad.1
                    man/xmonad.1.html
                    man/xmonad.hs
                    util/GenerateManpage.hs
                    util/hpcReport.sh
-cabal-version:      1.12
+cabal-version:      >= 1.8
 source-repository head
  type:     git
  location: https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad
-flag pedantic
+flag testing
  description: Be pedantic (-Werror and the like)
  default:     False
  manual:      True
  description: Testing mode, only build minimal components
 flag generatemanpage
  default:     False
  manual:      True
  description: Build the tool for generating the man page
 library
  exposed-modules: XMonad
@ -65,40 +72,36 @@ library
                   XMonad.StackSet
  other-modules:   Paths_xmonad
  hs-source-dirs:  src
-  build-depends:   base                  >= 4.12 && < 5
+  build-depends:   base                  >= 4.9 && < 5
-                 , X11                   >= 1.10 && < 1.11
+                 , X11                   >= 1.8 && < 1.10
                 , containers
-                 , data-default-class
+                 , data-default
                 , directory
                 , extensible-exceptions
                 , filepath
                 , mtl
                 , process
                 , setlocale
                 , time
                 , transformers          >= 0.3
                 , unix
-  ghc-options:     -funbox-strict-fields -Wall -Wno-unused-do-bind
+                 , utf8-string           >= 0.3 && < 1.1
-  default-language: Haskell2010
+  ghc-options:     -funbox-strict-fields -Wall -fno-warn-unused-do-bind
-  -- Keep this in sync with the oldest version in 'tested-with'
+  if flag(testing)
-  if impl(ghc > 8.6.5)
+    buildable: False
    ghc-options:   -Wno-unused-imports
  if flag(pedantic)
    ghc-options:   -Werror
 executable xmonad
  main-is:       Main.hs
-  build-depends: base, xmonad
+  build-depends: base, X11, mtl, unix, xmonad
-  ghc-options:   -Wall -Wno-unused-do-bind
+  ghc-options:   -Wall -fno-warn-unused-do-bind
  default-language: Haskell2010
-  -- Keep this in sync with the oldest version in 'tested-with'
+executable generatemanpage
-  if impl(ghc > 8.6.5)
+  main-is:        GenerateManpage.hs
-    ghc-options:   -Wno-unused-imports
+  hs-source-dirs: util
-  if flag(pedantic)
+  if flag(generatemanpage)
-    ghc-options:   -Werror
+    build-depends: base, pandoc >= 2, regex-posix, text
  else
    buildable: False
 test-suite properties
  type:           exitcode-stdio-1.0
@ -121,16 +124,4 @@ test-suite properties
                  Properties.Workspace
                  Utils
  hs-source-dirs: tests
-  build-depends:  base
+  build-depends:  base, QuickCheck >= 2, X11, containers, extensible-exceptions, xmonad
                , QuickCheck >= 2
                , quickcheck-classes >= 0.4.3
                , X11
                , containers
                , xmonad
  default-language: Haskell2010
  if impl(ghc > 9.8)
    ghc-options:   -Wno-x-partial
  if flag(pedantic)
    ghc-options:   -Werror
		`@ -1,2 +0,0 @@`
			`# Ignore these warnings.`
			`- ignore: {name: "Use camelCase"}`